Summary
A biochemical procedure to convert β-1,4-glucosepolymer (cellulose) to α-1,4-glucosepolymer (starch) has been studied in vitro. Cellulose was hydrolyzed to cellobiose by cellobiose producing cellulase which was isolated from culture filtrates of Cellvibrio gilvus. A 90% hydrolysation was obtained after 12 h at 37 °C. The product was found to contain only cellobiose when examined paperchromato-graphically. The second step was the conversion of cellobiose to glucose 1-phosphate by cellobiose phosphorylase, purified from extracts of C. gilvus. After incubation for 1 h at 37 °C, the percentage conversion of cellobiose into glucose 1-phosphate was approx. 20%. The third step, the bioconversion of glucose 1-phosphate to α-glucose polymer, was carried out by α-glucan phosphory lase, incubated with primer at 37 °C for 24 h; about 55% conversion was obtained. The products formed white precipitates, gave a blue colour on treatment with iodine and were hydrolyzed by glucoamylase. This result shows that approx. 10% of cellulose could be converted to α-1.4-glucan, could be converted to α-1.4-glucan, such as amylose, via glucose 1-phosphate.
References
Ayers WA (1958) Phosphorylation of cellobiose and glucose by Ruminococcus flavefaciens. J Bacteriol 76:515–517
Benson DA, in Paech K, Tracey MV (1955) “Modern Methods of Plant Analysis” vol. 11, p 113
Huecher FH, King KW (1958) Metabolic basis for disaccharide preference in a Cellvibrio. J Bacteriol 76:571–577
Sasaki T, Tanaka T, Kainuma K (1979) A simple method for preparation of cellooligosaccharides. J Jpn Soc Food Sci Technol 26:538–541
Sasaki T, Tanaka T, Nakagawa S, Kainuma K (1983) Purification and properties of Cellvibrio gilvus cellobiose phosphorylase. Biochem J 209:803–807
Sheth K, Alexander JK (1967) Cellodextrin phosphorylase from Clostridium thermocellum. Biochem Biophys Acta 148:808–810
Sih CJ, McBee RH (1955) A phosphorylase active on cellobiose. Bacteriol Proc p 126