Summary
After intravenous application of praseodymium nitrate, female Wistar rats develop a pronounced hypoglycemia which is due to an inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. The renal gluconeogenesis remains uninfluenced. Among the gluconeogenetic key enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase are most drastically reduced in their activity, while there is only a slight effect on glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase. An allosteric effect of praseodymium or a synthesis of an inhibitor caused by rare earths can be excluded. The activity of other enzymes which catalyse steps of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is not influenced. This selectivity of rare earths seems to indicate that there might be different genes for glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and led us to suppose that the site of action of rare earths is to be looked for at the nucleic acid system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baginski, E. S., Foa, P. P., Zak, B.: In: Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, 2. Aufl., S. 839–843. Hrsg. H. U. Bergmeyer. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie 1970.
Beisenherz, G., Boltze, H. J., Bücher, Th., Czok, R., Garbade, K. H., Meyer-Arendt, E., Pfleiderer, G.: Diphosphofructose-Aldolase, Phosphoglyceraldehyd-Dehydrogenase, Milchsäure-Dehydrogenase, Glycerophosphat-Dehydrogenase und Pyruvat-Kinase aus Kaninchenmuskulatur in einem Arbeitsgang. Z. Naturforsch. 8b, 555–577 (1953).
Bruce, D. W., Hietbrink, B. E., Du Bois, K. P.: The acute mammalian toxicity of rare earth nitrates and oxides. Toxicol. app. Pharmacol. 5, 750–759 (1963).
Bücher, Th., Luh, W., Pette, D.: Einfache und zusammengesetzte optische Tests mit Pyridinnucleotiden. In: Hoppe-Seyler-Thierfelder, Handbuch der physiologisch-und pathologisch-chemischen Analyse, 10. Aufl., Bd. VI/A, S. 292–339. Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1964.
Czok, R., Lamprecht, W.: In: Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, 2. Aufl., S. 1407–1411. Hrsg. H. U. Bergmeyer Weinheim: Verlag Chemie 1970.
Dagley, S.: In: Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, 2. Aufl., S. 1520–1523. Hrsg. H. U. Bergmeyer. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie 1970.
Davidson, J. N., Waymouth, C.: Tissue nucleic acids. Biochem. J. 38, 39–50 (1944).
Fischler, F., Roeckl, K. W.: Über experimentelle Beeinflussung der Leberfunktionen und der anatomischen Leberstruktur durch Einwirkung seltener Erden. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 189, 4–21 (1938).
Hammarsten, E., Teorell, T.: Versuche über mikrochemische Reaktionen. II. Ausfällungen von Eiweiß-Nukleinsäuren mit Lanthan- und Sulfosalicylsäureionen Acta med. scand. 68, 226–238 (1928).
Henning, H.-V., Seubert, W.: Zum Mechanismus der Gluconeogenese und ihrer Steuerung. I. Quantitative Bestimmung der Pyruvat-Carboxylase in Rohextrakten der Rattenleber. Biochem. Z. 340, 160–170 (1964).
Henning, H.-V., Stumpf, B., Ohly, B., Seubert, W.: On the mechanism of gluconeogenesis and its regulation. III. The gluconeogenetic capacity and the activities of pyruvate-carboxylase and PEP-carboxylase of rat kidney and rat liver after cortisol treatment and starvation. Biochem. Z. 344, 274–288 (1966).
Hochstrate, C., Oberdisse, E.: Biochemische Veränderungen im Serum der Ratte nach kombinierter Applikation lebervergrößernder und lebertoxischer Pharmaka. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmak. 266, 357–358 (1970).
Kyker, C. G., Cress, E. A.: Acute toxicity of yttrium, lanthanum, and other rare earths. Arch. industr. Hlth 16, 475–479 (1957).
Laszlo, D., Ekstein, D. M., Lewin, R., Stern, K. G.: Biological studies on stable and radioactive rare earth compounds. I. On the distribution of lanthanum in the mammalian organism. J. nat. Cancer Inst. 13, 559–573 (1952).
Löffler, G., Wieland, O.: Eine Isotopenmethode zur enzymatischen Bestimmung von Oxalacetat. Biochem. Z. 336, 447–454 (1963).
Magnusson, G.: The behaviour of certain lanthanons in rats. Acta pharmacol. toxicol. (Kbh.) 3 Suppl. 3, 1–95 (1963).
Maxwell, L. C., Bischoff, F.: The effect of thorium, cerium, erbium, yttrium, didymium, praseodymium, manganese, and lead upon transplantable rat tumors. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 43, 61–70 (1931).
Neubert, D., Hoffmeister, I.: Intracelluläre Lokalisation von Fettsubstanzen bei experimenteller Leberverfettung. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 237, 519–537 (1960).
Nordlie, R. C., Lardy, H. A.: Mammalian liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities. J. biol. Chem. 238, 2259–2263 (1963).
Novello, F., Stirpe, F.: The effects of copper and other ions on the ribonucleic acid polymerase activity of isolated rat liver nuclei. Biochem. J. 111, 115–119 (1969).
Oberdisse, E.: Einfluß von Pharmaka auf die Aktivität normaler und induzierter Fermente der Rattenleber. Habilitationsschrift, Med. Fak. Freie Univ. Berlin 1970.
Prinz, W., Seubert, W.: Effect of insulin on pyruvate carboxylase in alloxan diabetic animals. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 16, 582–585 (1964).
Schmautz, E.: Geschlechtshäufigkeit der Verteilung von Radiocer bei der Ratte. Strahlentherapie 123, 267–278 (1964).
Seubert, W., Huth, W.: On the mechanism of gluconeogenesis and its regulation. II. The mechanism of gluconeogenesis from pyruvate and fumarate. Biochem. Z. 343, 176–191 (1965).
Snyder, F., Cress, E. A., Kyker, G. C.: Liver lipid response to intravenous rare earths in rats. J. Lipid Res. 1, 125–131 (1959).
Snyder, F., Stephens, N.: Plasma free fatty acids and the rare-earth fatty liver. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 106, 202–204 (1961).
Störmer, B., Janssen, W., Reinauer, H., Staib, W., Hollmann, S.: Enzymaktivitäten und Substratkonzentrationen in der Rattenleber unter den Bedingungen der Cortisol-Gluconeogenese. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 351, 296–304 (1970).
Weber, G.: Study and evaluation of regulation of enzyme activity and synthesis in mammalian liver. In: Advances in enzyme regulation, Vol. 1, pp. 1–35. Ed. G. Weber. Oxford-London-New York-Paris: Pergamon Press 1963.
Weber, G., Singhal, R. L., Stamm, N. B., Srivastava, S. K.: Hormonal induction and suppression of liver enzyme biosynthesis. Fed. Proc. 24, 745–754 (1965).
Weiss, G., Ohly, B., Brod, H., Seubert, W.: On the intracellular location of pyruvate carboxylase. In: Regulation of gluconeogenesis, pp. 29–49. Eds. H.-D. Söling and B. Willms. Stuttgart: G. Thieme, New York-London: Academic Press 1971.
Widnell, C. C., Tata, J. R.: Studies on the stimulation by ammonium sulfate of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of isolated rat-liver nuclei. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 123, 478–492 (1966).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schurig, R., Oberdisse, E. The influence of rare earths on hepatic gluconeogenesis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 275, 419–433 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00501130
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00501130