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Confusion in cladism

Abstract

In Phylogenetic Systematics (1966), Willi Hennig conflates the Linnaean hierarchy with what Hennig refers to as the “divisional hierarchy”. In doing so, he lays the foundations of that school of biological taxonomy known as “cladism” on a philosophically ambiguous basis. This paper compares and contrasts the two hierarchies and demonstrates that Hennig conflates them. It shows that Hennig's followers also conflate them. Finally, it illuminates five persistent problems in cladism by suggesting that they arise from Hennig's original confusion.

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Williams, P.A. Confusion in cladism. Synthese 91, 135–152 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00484973

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00484973

Keywords

  • Persistent Problem
  • Ambiguous Basis
  • Phylogenetic Systematic
  • Biological Taxonomy
  • Linnaean Hierarchy