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Die Biochemie der menschlichen Speicheldrüsensekrete

The biochemistry of human salivary secretions

  • I. Teil: Referate
  • Published:
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Summary

Salivary secretions fulfill some specific functions within the human organism, which are explained. The scientific research concerning these fluids dealt during the last years especially with the formation of these secretions within the glands. These investigations have been performed mostly in animal experiments. The results obtained are briefly summarized.

For investigations in human salivary secretions, it was necessary to develop some new techniques for collecting the secretions from separate glands. The interpretation of sialo-chemical facts is often difficult as there are many factors, influencing the flow-rate and the composition of the fluids. These factors, as known up to now, are explained.

In separate chapters, the inorganic and organic composition of human salivary secretions is described. Concerning the protein-composition of human saliva, there are some newer results as aspects, which are discussed.

It must be the aim of a chemical analysis to discover the interrelation between the differences in salivary secretions and pathological conditions. Therefore changes of the salivary secretions in systemic diseases are reported as well as changes in the compositions of these fluids in pathological conditions of the glands themselves.

According to the results from own experiments and from the literature, it should be possible in the future, to develop some new diagnostic methods by analysing the salivary secretions.

Zusammenfassung

Die menschlichen Speicheldrüsensekrete erfüllen eine Reihe wichtiger Funktionen für den Gesamtorganismus, die einleitend dargestellt werden.

Bezüglich der Bildung dieser Sekrete hat die wissenschaftliche Forschung in einer großen Reihe von experimentellen Untersuchungen neue Erkenntnisse gewinnen können, die kurz skizziert werden. Zur chemischen Analyse der entsprechenden Sekrete ist eine einfache und leicht reproduzierbare Gewinnung dieser Flüssigkeiten wichtig. Entsprechende Methoden zur getrennten Entnahme einzelner Drüsensekrete werden aufgeführt.

Bisher bekannte Faktoren, die schon unter physiologischen Bedingungen die Zusammensetzung der Sekrete beeinflussen können, werden diskutiert. Ihre Berücksichtigung ist für die Interpretation speichelchemischer Befunde wesentlich. In getrennten Abschnitten wird über die anorganischen und organischen Bestandteile der menschlichen Speicheldrüsensekrete berichtet. Gerade hinsichtlich des Proteinanteils der Drüsensekrete liegt eine Vielzahl neuerer Ergebnisse vor.

Mit der Entwicklung leistungsfähiger analytischer Methoden war es auch möglich, Veränderungen der Speicheldrüsensekrete im Rahmen systemischer Erkrankungen zu verfolgen. Die zu diesem Thema vorliegenden Beobachtungen werden referiert. Schließlich ergibt sich als weiterer Aspekt die Untersuchung von Veränderungen der Sekretzusammensetzung unter drüsenspezifischen Krankheitsbildern. Nach den bisher mitgeteilten Beobachtungen besteht die Hoffnung, in absehbarer Zeit in Form speichelchemischer Parameter neue diagnostische Möglichkeiten zu bekommen.

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    M. Münzel

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Münzel, M. Die Biochemie der menschlichen Speicheldrüsensekrete. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 213, 209–285 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00462778

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