Abstract
Fifty four samples including 5 of broken rice, 8 of corn grains, 8 of corn gluten feed, 13 of cottonseed cake and 4 each of rice polish, corn gluten, sesame oil cake, guar meal and wheat bran were screened for the presence of aflatoxins. Among all the samples, 14 were damaged and 40 apparently undamaged. The incidende of aflatoxins was found to be 60, 25, 25, and 23 per cent in broken rice, corn grains, corn gluten feed and cottonseed cake. Aflatoxins were not detected from rice polish, corn gluten, sesame oil cake, guar meal and wheat bran. Damaged sample revealed a much higher incidence i.e. 50 per cent as compared to undamaged ones i.e. 7.5 per cent. Mean concentration of aflatoxin B and G was found to be 15.5 and 12.2 ppb respectively.
Cultural examination of aflatoxin positive feedstuffs yielded 39 isolates of different fungi including 21 of Aspergillus, 7 of Mucor, 6 of Rhizopus, 4 of Fusarium and one of Penicillium. These strains when tested for aflatoxin producing ability, revealed this property in only one isolate, identified as Aspergillus parasiticus.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ashworth, L.J., J.L. McMeans, B.R. Houston, M.E. Brown & C.M. Brown 1971. Mycoflora, aflatoxins and free fatty acids in California cotton seed. J.A.O.A.C., 48: 129–33.
Carnaghan, R.B.A. & K. Sargeant. 1961. The toxicity of certain groundnut meals to poultry. Vet. Rec., 73(29): 726–727.
Doupnik, B. 1972. Maize seed predisposed to fungal invasion and aflatoxin contamination by Helminthosporium maydis ear rot. Phytopath., 62: 1367–1368.
Eppley, R.M., L. Stoloff, M.W. Truchasess & C.W. Chung. 1974. Survey of corn for fusarial toxins. J.A.O.A.C., 57: 632–635.
Girgis, A.N., S. El-Sharif, N. Rofael and S. Nesheim. 1977. Aflatoxins in Egyptian foodstuffs. J.A.O.A.C., 60(3): 746–747.
Gopal, T., S. Zaki, M. Narayanaswamy & S. Premlata. 1968. Aflatoxicosis in dairy cattle. Indian Vet. J. 45: 701–712. Abstracted Vet. Bull., 39(5): 1956 (1969).
Holaday, C.E. 1976. A rapid screening method for aflatoxin and ochratoxin A. J. Am. Oil Chemist's Soc. 53: 603–605.
Jacobson, W.C. & H.G. Wiseman. 1974. The transmission of aflatoxin B1 into eggs. Poultry Sci. 53(5): 1743–1745.
Jones, B.D. 1972. Methods of Aflatoxin Analysis. Tropical Products Institute, London, P. 58.
Martin, P.M.D. & G.A. Gilman. 1976. A. Consideration of the Mycotoxin Hypothesis with Special Reference to the Mycoflora of Maize, Sorghum and Groundnuts. Tropical Products Institute, London, P: 112.
Masri, M.S., V.C. Garcia & J.R. Page. 1969. The aflatoxin M contents of milk from cows fed known amount of aflatoxin. Vet. Rec., 84: 146–147.
Nizami, H.M. & S.J. Zuberi. 1977. Aflatoxin and liver cancer in Karachi, a preliminary survey. J.P.M.A., 16(4): 351–352.
Raper, K.B. & D.I. Fennell. 1965. The Genus Aspergillus. Williams and Williams Co., Baltimore, p: 109.
Shotwell, O.L., C.W. Hesseltine & M.L. Goulden. 1973. Incidence of aflatoxin in Southern corn. Cereal Sci. Today, 18: 192.
Shotwell, O.L., M.L. Goulden, G.A. Bennett, R.D. Plattner & C.W. Hesseltine. 1977. Survey of 1975 wheat and soyabean for aflatoxin, zearlenone and ochratoxin. J.A.O.A.C., 60(4): 778–783.
Sreenivasamurthy, V.A. Jayarman & H.A.B. Parpia. 1964. Aflatoxin in Indian peanuts: analysis and extraction. Mycotoxins in Foodstuff. The M.I.T. Press Massachusetts, p. 251–260.
Toga, M.A., Turburi, V. Ciupercescu & D. Danalache. 1968. Presence of aflatoxicogenic fungi in fodder and their capacity to synthesize aflatoxins from substances in fodder. Archiva Vet., 4: 225–232 Abstracted Vet. Bull., 39(6): 2433 (1969).
Yahl, C.R., C.A. Watson, R.J, Smith & R. Baraboluk. 1971. Laboratory wet milling of corn containing high levels of aflatoxins and a survey of commercial wet milling products. Cereal Chem., 48: 385–391.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Afzal, M., Cheema, R.A. & Chaudhary, R.A. Incidence of aflatoxins and aflatoxin producing fungi in animal feedstuffs. Mycopathologia 69, 149–151 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00452826
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00452826