Abstract
The occurrence of adenosine 5′-triphosphate-3′-diphosphate-synthesizing activity was detected in five strains of actinomycetes; Streptomyces morookaensis, Streptomyces aspergilloides, Streptomyces hachijoensis, Actinomyces violascens and Streptoverticillium septatum, out of 825 strains of actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi and imperfecti. Purine nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase were extracellularly excreted associating with the cell growth, and were purified partially or to apparent homogeniety from the culture filtrate. The enzymes are a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of 18000–26000 and synthesize adenosine, guanosine and inosine 5′-phosphate (mono, di or tri)-3′-diphosphate such as pApp, ppApp, pppApp, pGpp, ppGpp, pppGpp and pppIpp by transferring a pyrophosphoryl group from the 5′-position of ATP, dATP and pppApp to the 3′-position of purine nucleotides in the presence of a divalent cation and in alkaline state.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- pppApp:
-
adenosine 5′-triphosphate 3′-diphosphate
- ppApp:
-
adenosine 5′-diphosphate 3′-diphosphate
- pApp:
-
adenosine 5′-monophosphate 3′-diphosphate
- pppGpp:
-
guanosine 5′-triphosphate 3′-diphosphate
References
Allen, R. J. L.: Estimation of phosphate. Biochem. J. 34, 858–861 (1940)
Andrews, P.: The gel-filtration behaviour of proteins related to their molecular weights over a wide range. Biochem. J. 96, 595–606 (1965)
Block, R., Haseltine, W. A.: Purification and properties of stringent factor. J. biol. Chem. 250, 1212–1217 (1975)
Bray, G. A.: A simple efficient liquid scintillator for counting aqueous solutions in a liquid scintillation counter. Analyt. Biochem. 1, 279–285 (1960)
Britten, R. J., Roberts, R. B.: High-resolution density gradient sedimentation analysis. Science 131, 32–33 (1960)
Cashel, M., Gallant, J.: Two compounds implicated in the function of the RC gene of E. coli. Nature (Lond.) 221, 838–841 (1969)
Fiske, C. H., SubbaRow, Y.: Method of Fiske and SubbaRow. In: Methods in enzymology, Vol. III (S. P. Colowick, N. O. Kaplan, eds.), pp. 843–844. New York: Academic Press 1957
Gallant, J., Margason, G.: Amino acid control of messenger ribonucleic acid synthesis in Bacillus subtilis. J. biol. Chem. 247, 2289–2294 (1972)
Hamagishi, Y., Nishino, T., Murao, S.: Structure and some properties of the new nucleotides (adenosine pentaphosphate, guanosine tetraphosphate and inosine pentaphosphate) synthesized by nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase. Agr. Biol. Chem. 39, 1015–1023 (1975)
Irr, J. D., Kaulenas, M. S., Unsworth, B. R.: Synthesis of ppGpp by mouse embryonic ribosomes. Cell 3, 249–253 (1974)
Klein, C.: Presence of magic spot in Dictyostelium discoideum. FEBS Lett. 38, 149–152 (1974)
Lineweaver, H., Burk, D.: The determination of enzyme dissociation constants. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 56, 658–666 (1934)
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J.: Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent. J. biol. Chem. 193, 265–275 (1951)
Murao, S., Nishino, T.: New extracellular ATP phosphate transfer enzyme from Streptomyces A4668. Agr. Biol. Chem. 37, 2929–2930 (1973)
Murao, S., Nishino, T.: Isolation and identification of nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase-producing microorganism. Agr. Biol. Chem. 38, 2483–2489 (1974)
Murao, S., Nishino, T., Hamagishi, Y.: Synthesis of guanosine-3′-diphosphate-5′-diphosphate by nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase. Agr. Biol. Chem. 38, 887–889 (1974)
Nishino, T., Murao, S.: Purification and some properties of ATP: nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase of Streptomyces adephosphlyticus. Agr. Biol. Chem. 38, 2491–2496 (1974)
Oki, T., Yoshimoto, A., Sato, S., Takamatsu, A.: Purine nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase from Streptomyces morookaensis, capable of synthesizing pppApp and pppGpp. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 410, 262–272 (1975)
Rhaese, H. J., Groscurth, R.: Studies on the control of development. In vitro synthesis of HPN and MS nucleotides by ribosome from either sporulating or vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis. FEBS Lett. 44, 87–93 (1974)
Vesterberg, O., Svensson, H.: Isoelectric fractionation, analysis and characterization of ampholytes in natural pH gradients. IV. Resolving power in connection with separation of myoglobins. Acta chem. scand. 20, 820–834 (1966)
Weber, K., Osborn, M.: The reliability of molecular weight determinations by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem. 244, 4406–4412 (1969)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oki, T., Yoshimoto, A., Ogasawara, T. et al. Occurrence of pppApp-synthesizing activity in actinomycetes and isolation of purine nucleotide pyrophosphotransferase. Arch. Microbiol. 107, 183–187 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446837
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446837