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Licht-, elektronenmikroskopische und beugungsanalytische Untersuchungen an intraepithelialen Filamentbündeln in der Niere des erwachsenen Menschen

Intraepithelial filament bundles of the adult human kidney: Studies by light and electron microscopy and by diffraction analysis

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Summary

In studies of semi-thin sections of adult human kidney it is found that the structures formerly known as „Basalreifen” can be definitely related to basal cytoplasmic portions of the renal epithelium. Under the electron microscope they appear as bundles of filaments, usually having a width of 50–85 Å. They are particularly well developed in the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and are also present in the proximal and distal tubule where they are more abundant than in other parts of the nephron. The filament bundles proceed toward hemidesmosome-like structures at the basal border of the epithelia and sometimes contain dense bodies in the parietal capsular epithelium of the glomerulus; these bundles are probably responsible for local intra- and/or supravital protrusions of the cytoplasm. Findings in some diseased kidneys are also presented. Diffraction analysis of intrarenal vascular muscle cells and intraepithelial filament bundles gave comparable photographic records of the image structure spectrograms; it supports the assumption derived from the electron microscopic results that the intraepithelial filament bundles represent a contractile complex. However, the conclusiveness of image structure analysis in comparing the two biological objects is limited, as outlined in the discussion. With regard to renal function the significance of the intraepithelial filament bundles is still unclear. Periglomerular interstitial cells, which normally contain only narrow tracts of filaments in the periphery, had many of the characteristics of smooth muscle cells in a case of pyelonephritic renal cirrhosis. They are compared with myofibroblasts of a different origin.

Zusammenfassung

In Untersuchungen an der Niere des erwachsenen Menschen wird gezeigt, daß die früher als Basalreifen bezeichneten Strukturen bereits am Semidünnschnitt basalen Cytoplasmaanteilen der Nierenepithelien zugeordnet werden können. Elektronenmikroskopisch erweisen sie sich als Bündel dünner, überwiegend 50–85 Å breiter Filamente. Sie sind besonders deutlich im parietalen Blatt der Bowmanschen Kapsel entwickelt und kommen auch im proximalen und distalen Tubulus reichlicher als in den anderen Nephronabschnitten vor. Die Filamentbündel ziehen am basalen Zellrand an hemidesmosomenähnliche Strukturen, enthalten im parietalen glomerulären Kapselepithel stellenweise sog. dense bodies und sind möglicherweise für lokale, basale, intra- und/oder supravitale Cytoplasmaausstülpungen verantwortlich. Befunde an einzelnen krankhaft veränderten Nieren werden gesondert dargestellt. Beugnngsanalytische Untersuchungen, die an intrarenalen Gefäßmuskelzellen und intraepithelialen Filamentbündeln durchgeführt wurden, lieferten vergleichbare Bild strukturspektrogramme und unterstützen die nach den elektronenmikroskopischen Befunden naheliegende Annahme, daß die intraepithelialen Filamentbündel einen kontraktilen Apparat darstellen. Die Aussagekraft der Bildstrukturspektrographie bei der Ähnlichkeitsanalyse der beiden biologischen Objekte erwies sich jedoch, wie eingehend diskutiert wird, als begrenzt. Die Bedeutung der intraepithelialen Filamentbündel für die Funktion der Niere ist noch unklar. Interstitielle Zellen der Nierenrinde, die gewöhnlich nur schmale, in der Zellperipherie gelegene Filamentbündel enthalten, wiesen in intakten Rindenpartien einer pyelonephritischen Schrumpfniere vielfach die Charakteristika glatter Muskelzellen auf. Sie werden den sog. Myofibroblasten anderer Provenienz gegenübergestellt.

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Für wertvolle technische Mitarbeit danken wir Frau Ulrike Boseck, Fräulein Elke Jacke, Frau Brigitte Schropp und Frau Brigitte Thoms.

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Zimmermann, H.D., Boseck, S. Licht-, elektronenmikroskopische und beugungsanalytische Untersuchungen an intraepithelialen Filamentbündeln in der Niere des erwachsenen Menschen. Virchows Arch. A Path. Anat. and Histol. 366, 27–49 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00438676

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