Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cadmium and zinc additions to wisconsin soils by commercial fertilizers and wastewater sludge application

  • Published:
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cadmium and Zn concentrations were determined on 21 commercial fertilizer samples by atomic absorption. The Cd concentration ranged from 1.5 to 9.7 mg kg−1, the median being 4.3 mg kg−1. Zinc showed a much wider range. The Cd added to soil by commercial fertilizers may be as much as 2150 kg annually in Wisconsin, compared to a potential of 1700 kg if wastewater sludges from all municipal sewage treatment plants in the state were disposed of on land. However, because of the higher application rates, sludge Cd on a soil concentration basis is a much more concentrated source of Cd than that from phosphate fertilizers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Christian, G. D. and Feldman, F. J.: 1972, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; Applications in Agriculture, Biology and Medicine, Wiley-Interscience, N.Y., 349 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleischer, J., Sarofim, A. F., Fassett, D. W., Hammond, P., Shacklette, H. T., Nisbet, I. C. T., and Epstein, S.: 1974, Environ. Health Persp., May 1974, 253.

  • Konrad, J. G. and Kleinert, S. J.: 1974, Surveys of Toxic Metals in Wisconsin, Wis. Dept. of Natural Resources Tech. Bull. 74, 2 pp.

  • Page, S. L. and Bingham, F. T.: 1973, Residue Rev. 48, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, H. A. and Balassa, J. J.: 1963, Science 40, 819.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stenström, T.: 1974, Ambio 3, 87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stenström, T. and Vahter, M.: 1974, Ambio 3, 91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tennessee Valley Authority: 1972, Fertilizer Summary Data.

  • Williams, C. H. and David, D. J.: 1973, Aust. J. Soil Res. 11, 43.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, WI, U.S.A.

    K. W. Lee & D. R. Keeney

Authors
  1. K. W. Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. R. Keeney
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lee, K.W., Keeney, D.R. Cadmium and zinc additions to wisconsin soils by commercial fertilizers and wastewater sludge application. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 5, 109–112 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00431584

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00431584

Keywords

Search

Navigation