Skip to main content
Log in

Transport und Umsatz von Polyalkoholen bei der Hefe Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis)

II. Induzierbarer Transport und Abbau von Pentitolen

Transport and utilization of alditols in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis)

II. Inducible catabolic pathway of pentitols

  • Published:
Archives of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Although alditols reached the interior of the cells of Rhodotorula gracilis by means of the constitutive monosaccharide carrier, a second carrier of pentitols was found to be inducible. Ribitol and l-arabinitol, entering the cells by the constitutive carrier, induced a single catabolic enzyme system, including a carrier of pentitols. This induction depended on de novo protein synthesis. In addition to ribitol and l-arabinitol, the induced catabolic enzyme system was also specific for xylitol and d-arabinitol; these two alditols were not inducers. Hexitols, erythritol and pentoses were not transported or catabolized by the induced system.

The induced carrier had a lower half-saturation constant, K T , and higher maximal velocity, V, than the constitutive carrier of pentitols. Kinetic studies of induced transport indicated, that this was an active process which appeared to be coupled with the simultaneous uptake of H+-ions (H+-substrate symport). The induced transport of pentitols was strongly inhibited by monosaccharides, although not competitively. The enzyme synthesis induced by ribitol or l-arabinitol was repressed by monosaccharides.

Zusammenfassung

Polyalkohole weden von der Hefe Rhodotorula gracilis über den konstitutiven Monosaccharidträger aufgenommen; für Pentitole wurde ein zweiter, induzierbarer Träger gefunden. Die über den konstitutiven Träger in das Zellinnere gelangenden Pentitole Ribitol und l-Arabitol induzieren ein (und dasselbe) Enzymsystem, welches sowohl eine zusätzliche Aufnahme als auch den Abbau von Pentitolen ermöglicht. Hierbei erfolgt eine de novo Proteinsynthese. Das induzierte Transport- und Abbausystem wird auch von den nicht induzierenden Pentitolen Xylitol und d-Arabitol, nicht aber von Hexitolen, Erythritol oder Pentosen benutzt.

Der induzierte Transport von Pentitolen erfolgt mit wesentlich höherer Geschwindigkeit und Affinität als deren Transport durch den konstitutiven Monosaccharidträger. Er erfüllt die Kriterien eines aktiven Vorgangs und scheint mit einer gleichzeitigen Aufnahme von Wasserstoffionen verbunden zu sein (H+-Substrat Symport). In Anwesenheit von Monosacchariden wird der induzierte Pentitoltransport stark gehemmt; eine Kompetition der Pentitole mit Monosacchariden liegt jedoch nicht vor. Die durch Ribitol oder l-Arabitol induzierbare Enzymsynthese unterliegt der Repression durch Monosaccharide.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Cirillo, V. P.: Galactose transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Nonmetabolized sugars as substrates and inducers of the galactose transport system. J. Bact. 95, 1727–1731 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, G. N., Monod, J.: Bacterial permeases. Bact. Rev. 21, 169–194 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  • de Crombrugghe, B., Perlman, R. L., Varmus, H. E., Pastan, I.: Regulation of inducible enzyme synthesis in Escherichia coli by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate. J. biol. Chem. 244, 5828–5835 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Harold, F. M.: Chemiosmotic interpretation of active transport in bacteria. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 227, 297–311 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Höfer, M., Betz, A., Kotyk, A.: Metabolism of the obligatory aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis. IV. Induction of an enzyme necessary for d-Xylose catabolism. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 252, 1–12 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Höfer, M., Dahle, P.: Glucose repression of inducible enzyme synthesis in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis. Effect of the cellmembrane transport. Europ. J. Biochem. 29, 326–332 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Höfer, M., Dahle, P., Klöppel, R.: Glucose repression of the inducible catabolic pathway for pentitols in Rhodotorula gracilis. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 3, 1083–1084 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Höfer, M., Seletzky-Hild, O., Dahle, P.: Über die Rolle des Zellmembrantransports bei der Glucoserepression der induzierbaren Enzymsynthese. Zbl. Bakt., I. Abt. Orig. A 228, 199–203 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Klöppel, R., Höfer, M.: Induction of a transport system for pentitols in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis. Proc. 4th Int. Symp. on yeasts, Part I (H. Klaushofer, U. B. Sleytr, eds.), pp. 291–292. Wien: Hochschülerschaft an der Hochschule für Bodenkultur 1974a

    Google Scholar 

  • Klöppel, R., Höfer, M.: Effect of monosaccharides on polyol transport and consumption in Rhodotorula gracilis. Abstr. Commun. 9th Meet. Fed. Europ. Biochem. Soc., p. 252, published by the Hungarian Biochem. Soc. (1974b)

  • Klöppel, R., Höfer, M.: Untersuchungen zur Aufnahme von Polyalkoholen bei der obligat aeroben aeroben Hefe Rhodotorula gracilis. Zbl. Bakt., I. Abt. Orig. A 228, 211–217 (1974c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Klöppel, R., Höfer, M.: Transport und Umsatz von Polyalkoholen bei der Hefe Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis). I. Konstitutiver Polyalkoholtransport. Arch. Microbiol. 107, 329–334 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Komor, E., Tanner, W.: The hexose-proton symport system of Chlorella vulgaris. Specificity, stoichiometry and energetics of sugar-induced proton uptake. Europ. J. Biochem. 44, 219–223 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotyk, A., Haškovec, C.: Properties of the sugar carrier in baker's yeast. III. Induction of the galactose carrier. Folia microbiol. (Praha) 13, 12–19 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, D. H., Smith, D. C.: Sugar alcohols (polyols) in fungi and green plants. II. Methods of detection and quantitative estimation in plant extracts. New Phytol. 66, 185–204 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Makman, R. S., Sutherland, E. W.: Adenosine 3′,5′-phosphate in Escherichia coli. J. biol. Chem. 240, 1309–1314 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Misra, P. C., Höfer, M.: An energy-linked proton-extrusion across the cell membrane of Rhodotorula gracilis. FEBS-Letters 52, 95–99 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pastan, I., de Crombrugghe, B.: Control of expression of genetic information in E. coli by cyclic AMP. Acta endocr. (Kbh.), Suppl. 168, 298–306 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Phaff, H. J., Ahearn, D. G.: Genus 7. Rhodotorula Harrison. In: The yeasts. A taxonomic study (I. Lodder, ed.), pp. 1187–1223. Amsterdam: North-Holland 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Rickenberg, H. V., Cohen, G. N., Buttin, G., Monod, J.: La galactoside-perméase d'Escherichia coli. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 91, 829–857 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ring, K.: Die Induktion des aktiven Transportes neutraler Aminosäuren bei Streptomyces hydrogenans. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 183, 375–393 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • de Robichon-Szulmajster, H.: Contribution à l'étude génétique et physiologique du métabolism du galactose chez la levure. Ann. Technol. Agr. 10, 81–185 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Saier, M. H., Roseman, S.: Inducer exclusion and repression of enzyme synthesis in mutants of Salmonella typhimurium defective in enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate-sugar phosphotransferase system. J. biol. Chem. 247, 972–975 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Seaston, A., Inkson, C., Eddy, A. A.: The absorption of protons with specific amino acids and carbohydrates by yeast. Biochem. J. 134, 1031–1043 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Slayman, C. L., Slayman, C. W.: Depolarization of the plasma membrane of Neurospora during active transport of glucose: evidence for a proton-dependent cotransport system. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 71, 1935–1939 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner, W., Grünes, R., Kandler, O.: Spezifität und Turnover des induzierbaren Hexose-Aufnahmesystems von Chlorella. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 62, 376–386 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner, W., Kandler, O.: Die Abhängigkeit der Adaptation der Glucoseaufnahme von der oxydativen und photosynthetischen Phosphorylierung bei Chlorella vulgaris. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 58, 24–32 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Umbreit, W. W., Burris, R. H., Stauffer, J. P.: Manometric techniques, p. 274. Minneapolis, Minn.: Burgess 1957

    Google Scholar 

  • West, I. C., Mitchell, P.: Proton-coupled β-galactoside translocation in non-metabolizing Escherichia coli. Bioenergetics 3, 445–462 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Klöppel, R., Höfer, M. Transport und Umsatz von Polyalkoholen bei der Hefe Rhodotorula gracilis (glutinis) . Arch. Microbiol. 107, 335–342 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425349

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425349

Key words

Navigation