Summary
Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated under aerobic conditions in a glucose limited chemostat. The steady state concentrations of cells, glucose and ethanol were measured in dependence of the dilution rate. The growth rate showed a biphasic dependence from the glucose concentration. A shift from respiratory to fermentative metabolism (Crabtree-effect) altering heavily the cell yield and the ethanol yield took place in the range of dilution rates between 0.3 h-1 and 0.5 h-1. Therefore the classical theory of continuous cultures is not applicable on aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under glucose limitation without introducing further premises. On the other hand the steady state cell concentration as a function of the dilution rate fits well the theoretically calculated curves, if cells are cultivated under conditions where only fermentation or respiration is possible.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Crabtree, H. G.: Observations on the carbohydrate metabolism of tumors. Biochem. J. 23, 536 (1929).
De Deken, R. H.: The Crabtree effect: a regulatory system in yeast. J. gen. Microbiol. 44, 149–156 (1966).
Fiechter, A., Ettlinger, L.: Continuous culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: Continuous cultivation of microorganisms, Proc. 2nd Symp. held in Prague. pp. 245–251. Eds. I. Málek, K. Beran and J. Hospodka. Prague: Publ. House Czechoslov. Akad. Sci. 1964.
—, von Meyenburg, H. K.: Regulatory properties of growing cell populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a continuous culture system. In: Yeasts, Proc. 2nd Symp. on Yeasts held in Bratislava, pp. 387–398. Bratislava: Vydavatel'stvo slovenskey academie vied 1969.
Herbert, D., Elsworth, R., Telling, R. C.: The continuous culture of bacteria; a theoretical and experimental study. J. gen. Microbiol. 14, 601–622 (1956).
Hommes, F. A.: Metabolic control mechanisms in yeast growth with different glucose concentrations. Arch. Biochem. 109, 168–172 (1965).
—: Mechanism of the Crabtree effect in yeasts grown with different glucose concentrations. Arch. Biochem. 113, 324–330 (1966).
Jain, V. K.: Relationship between energy metabolism and growth. I. Glucose dependence of the exponential growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch. Mikrobiol. 72, 252–259 (1970).
Laskowski, W.: Inaktivierungsversuche mit homozygoten Hefestämmen verschiedenen Ploidiegrades. I. Aufbau homozygoter Stämme und Dosiseffektkurven für ionisierende Strahlen, UV und organische Peroxyde. Z. Naturforsch. 15b, 495–506 (1960).
Lemoigne, M., Aubert, J. P., Millet, J.: La production d'alcool et le rendement de croissance de la levure de boulangerie cultivée en aérobiose. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 87, 427–433 (1954).
Leuenberger, H. G. W.: Cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in continuous culture. I. Growth kinetics of a respiratory deficient yeast strain grown in continuous culture. Arch. Mikrobiol. 79, 176–186 (1971).
Meyenburg von, H. K., Fiechter, A.: Regulation phenomena of gaseous metabolism of aerobically growing baker's yeast. In: Yeasts, Proc. 2nd Symp. on yeasts held in Bratislava, pp. 377–385. Bratislava: Vydavatel'stvo slovenskey academie vied 1969.
Monod, J.: Recherches sur la croissance des cultures bactériennes. Paris: Hermann & Cie 1942.
—: La technique de culture continue. Théorie et applications. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 79, 390–410 (1950).
Novick, A., Szilard, L.: Experiments with the chemostat on spontaneous mutation of bacteria. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 36, 708–719 (1950).
Pohlit, W., Laskowski, W., Lochmann, E. R.: Inaktivierungsversuche mit homozygoten Hefestämmen verschiedenen Ploidiegrades. VIII. Untersuchungen zum Kohlenstoff-Stoffwechsel unbestrahlter Zellen. Z. Naturforsch. 21b, 1089–1096 (1966).
Polakis, E. S., Bartley, W.: Changes in the enzyme activities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during aerobic growth on different carbon sources. Biochem. J. 97, 284–297 (1965).
——, Meek, G. A.: Changes in the activities of respiratory enzymes during aerobic growth of yeast on different carbon sources. Biochem. J. 97, 298–302 (1965).
Ring, K., Schlecht, S.: Ein neuer Laboratoriumsfermenter zur Züchtung von Mikroorganismen im turbidostatischen, chemostatischen und “batch”-Verfahren. II. Arbeitsweise und Anwendungsbeispiele. Zbl. Bakt., I. Abt. Orig. 213, 103–119 (1970).
——, Eschweiler, W., Kutscher, J.: Eine Elektrode zur kontinuierlichen Messung des Gelöstsauerstoffs (pO2) in Fermentkulturen. Arch. Mikrobiol. 65, 48–60 (1969).
Schlecht, S., Ring, K., Kutscher, J., Eschweiler, W.: Ein neuer Laboratoriumsfermenter zur Züchtung von Mikroorganismen im turbidostatischen, chemostatischen und „batch”-Verfahren. I. Technische Beschreibung des Fermenters. Zbl. Bakt., I. Abt. Orig. 206, 246–258 (1968).
Witt, I., Kronau, R., Holzer, H.: Repression von Alkoholdehydrogenase, Malatdehydrogenase, Isocitratlyase und Malatsynthase in Hefe durch Glucose. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 118, 522–537 (1966).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leuenberger, H.G.W. Cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in continuous culture. Archiv. Mikrobiol. 83, 347–358 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425247
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425247