Skip to main content
Log in

Urinary excretion of free noradrenaline and adrenaline related to age, sex and hypertension in 265 individuals

  • Published:
European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Urinary excretion of free noradrenaline and adrenaline during 24 h in 265 individuals was determined and related to sex, age, and hypertension as one indicator of the average sympathetic drive. Noradrenaline was found to correlate positively with age in healthy individuals. Noradrenaline and adrenaline were lower in healthy women than in men during the first half of life expectancy. Catecholamine excretion was similar in men and women in the second half of life expectancy. In hypertensive individuals, catecholamine excretion was slightly higher in the first half, and significantly higher in the second half of life expectancy. We assume that the differences in catecholamine excretion can contribute to the sex- and age-related differences in incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and cornonary heart disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Astrand PO, Rodahl K (1977) Physical work capacity. In: Astrand PO, Rodahl K (eds) Textbook of work physiology. Mc Graw Hill, New York, pp 291–329

    Google Scholar 

  • Beretta-Piccoli C, Weidmann P, Keusch G, Grimm M, Meier A, Glück Z, Ziegler WH (1980) Renin-Hyporesponsiveness in essential hypertension, dissociation between plasma renin and catecholamines or aldosteron following furoseminde. Klin Wochenschr 58:457–465

    Google Scholar 

  • Braunwald E (1965) The control of ventricular function in man. Br Heart J 27:1–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Bravo EL, Tarazi RC (1982) Plasma catecholamines in clinical investigation: a useful index or a meaningless number. J Lab Clin Med 100:155–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Da Prada M, Zürcher G (1976) Simultaneous radioenzymatic determination of plasma and tissue adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine within the fentomole range. Life Sci 19:1161–1174

    Google Scholar 

  • DeChamplain J, Farley L, Cousineau D, van Ameringen MR (1976) Circulating catecholamine levels in human and experimental hypertension. Circ Res 38:109–114

    Google Scholar 

  • DeQuattro V, Miura Y, Lurvey A, Cosgrove M, Mendez R (1975) Increased plasma catecholamine concentrations and vas derferens norepinephrine biosynthesis in men with elevated blood pressure. Circ Res 36:118–126

    Google Scholar 

  • DeQuattro V, Campese V, Miura Y, Meijer D (1976) Increased plasma catecholamines in high renin hypertension. Am J Cardiol 38:801–804

    Google Scholar 

  • Eppstein FH (1981) Epidemiologie der koronaren Herzkrankheiten. In: Krayenbühl HP, Kübler W (eds) Kardiologie in Klinik und Praxis, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart New York, pp 40.0–40.6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ester HH, Akews H, Leonard P (1981) Age-dependence of noradrenaline kinetics in normal subjects. Clin Sci 60:217

    Google Scholar 

  • Euler von US (1964) Quantitation of stress by catecholamine analysis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 5:398–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Euler von US (1974) Sympathoadrenal activity in physical exercise. Med Sci Sports 3:165–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Feichtinger W, Kemeter P, Salzer H (1980) Katecholaminausscheidung im Harn bei Frauen mit normalem Menstruationszyklus. Wiener Klin Wochenschr 92:365–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Fluck DC (1972) Catecholamines. Br Heart J 34:869–873

    Google Scholar 

  • Gawellek F (1969) Die VerÄnderungen der Katecholaminausscheidung im Harn bei unterschiedlicher Diureserate. Endocrinology 55:199

    Google Scholar 

  • Grimm M, Weidmann P, Keusch G, Meier A, Glück Z (1980) Norepinephrine clearance and pressor effect in normal and hypertensive men. Klin Wochenschr 58:1175–1181

    Google Scholar 

  • Haggendal J, Hartley LH, Saltin B (1970) Arterial noradrenaline concentration during exercise in relation to the relative work levels. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 26:337–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoeldtke RD, Martin WR (1970) Urine volume and catecholamine excretion. J Lab Clin Med 75:166–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollmann W, Barg W, Weyer G, Heck H (1970) Der Alterseinflu\ auf spiroergometrische Me\grö\en im submaximalen Arbeitsbereich. Med Welt 21:1280–1288

    Google Scholar 

  • Howley TE (1976) The effect of different intensities of exercise on the excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Med Sci Sports 8:219–222

    Google Scholar 

  • LaBrosse EH, Axelrod J, Kopin IJ, Kety SS (1961) Metabolism of 7-3H-Epinephrine-d-Bitartrate in normal young men. J Clin Invest 40:253–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakatta EG, Gerstenblith G, Angell CS, Schock NW, Weisfeldt ML (1975) Diminished inotrophic response of aged myocardium to catecholamines. Circ Res 36:262–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Lake CR, Ziegler MG, Coleman D, Kopin IJ (1977) Ageadjusted plasma norepinephrine levels are similar in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. N Engl J Med 4:208–209

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann M, Keul J (1981) Plasmakatecholamine und HÄmodynamik in Ruhe und wÄhrend Belastung beim primÄren Hochdruck. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin 87:536–539

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann M, Keul J (1983) Korrelationen zwischen hÄmodynamischen Grö\en und Plasmakatecholaminen bei Normo- und Hypertonikern in Ruhe und wÄhrend Körperarbeit. Klin Wochenschr 61:403–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann M, Keul J, Huber G, Bachl N, Simon G (1980) Alters- und belastungsbedingtes Verhalten der Plasmakatecholamine. Klin Wochenschr 59:19–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann M, Schmid P, Keul J (1984) Age- and exercise-related sympathetic activity in untrained volunteers, trained athletes and patients with impaired left-ventricular contractility. Eur Heart J 5:[Suppl E] 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • MacLusky NJ, Naftolin F, Krey LC, Frank S (1981) The catecholestrogens. J. Steroid Biochem 15:111–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann JI, Inmann WH (1975a) Oral contraceptives and death from myocardial infarction. Br Med J 2:245–248

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann JI, Vessey MP, Thorogood M, Doll R (1975b) Myocardial infarction in young women with special reference to oral contraception practice. Br Med J 2:241–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcotte D (1970) Psychophysiologic changes accompanying oral contraceptive use. Br J Psychiat 116:165–168

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Health Statistics. Final Mortality Statistics. DHEW Publication No. (PHS) 78-1120, vol 26, No. 12 [Suppl 2] Hyattsville, Maryland, USA, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer CJ, Ziegler MG, Lake CR (1976) Response of norepinephrine and blood pressure to stress increases with age. J Gerontol 33:482–487

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen EB, Christensen NJ (1975) Catecholamines in plasma and urine in patients with essential hypertension determined by double isotope derivative techniques. Acta Med Scand 198:373–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp T, Distler A, Cordes U (1978) Sympathetic nervous system and blood pressure control in essential hypertension. Lancet II:959–963

    Google Scholar 

  • Planz G, Gierlich HW, Hawline A, Planz R, Stephany W, Rahn KH (1976) A comparison of catecholamine concentrations and dopamine-b-hydroxylase activity in plasma from normotensive subjects and from patients with essential hypertension at rest and during exercise. Klin Wochenschr 54:561–565

    Google Scholar 

  • Salonen JT (1982) Oral contraceptives and risk of myocardial infarction in young women. Acta Med Scand 212:141–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamler J, Stamler R, Riedlinger F, Algara G, Roberts RH (1976) Hypertension screening of 1 million americans. JAMA 235:2299–2302

    Google Scholar 

  • Vestal RE, Wood AFF, Shand DG (1978) Reduced Β-adrenoceptor sensitivity in the elderly. Clin Res 26:488A

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallin BG, Sundlöf G, Erikson BM, Dominiak P, Grobecker H, Lindblad LE (1981) Plasma noradrenaline correlates to sympathetic muscle nerve activity in normotensive man. Acta Physiol Scand 111:69–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiswange A (1982) Epidemiologie der coronaren Herzerkrankung. In: Roskamm H, Reindell H (eds) Herzkrankheiten. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 920–927

    Google Scholar 

  • Willerson JT (1982) What is wrong with the failing heart? New Engl J Med 307:243–245

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1959) Hypertension and coronary heart disease: Classification and criteria for epidemiological studies. Techn Rep Ser 168

  • World Health Organization (1962) Arterial hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. Techn Rep Ser 231

  • Yamaguchi N, de Champlain J, Nadeau R (1975) Correlation between the responses of the heart to sympathetic stimulation and the release of endogenous catecholamines into the coronary sinus of the drug. Circ Res 36:662–667

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Dedicated to Professor Dr. W. Gerok on the occasion of his 60th birthday

Supported by Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaften, Köln-Lövenich, FRG

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lehmann, M., Keul, J. Urinary excretion of free noradrenaline and adrenaline related to age, sex and hypertension in 265 individuals. Europ. J. Appl. Physiol. 55, 14–18 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422886

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422886

Key words

Navigation