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Vascular anatomy of the human temporal bone

III. The vascularization of the vestibule-cochlear nerve

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Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ohren-, Nasen- und Kehlkopfheilkunde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Anatomically, the eighth cranial nerve can be devided in three sections. These are:

  1. 1.

    The Schwann part,-supported by Schwann cells, and the glial parts, which are:

  2. 2.

    a transitional zone supported by the Hortega type IV glial cells plus

  3. 3.

    the oligodendroglial part, supported by oligodendroglial cells. dense and regular vascular pattern inside the Schwann part. Inside the glial parts a more sparse and irregular pattern could be seen. This was found in specimens from all age groups.

    These differences in vascular anatomy were reflected in the pathological alterations of the Schwann and glial parts of the nerve in cases of presbycusis (Hansen and Reske-Nielsen, 1965).

    Thus, special attention should be drawn to the borderline between the Schwann part and the transitional zone of the vestibule -cochlear nerve as a crucial point in anatomy and pathology. As suggested by Nemecek et al. (1969) the transitional zone might be part of the surface glia barrier of the central nervous system.

Zusammenfassung

Anatomisch kann der VIII. Hirnnerv in 3 Abschnitte gegliedert werden:

  1. 1.

    der Schwannsche Teil, gest\:utzt von Schwannschen Zellen., and die gli\:osen Teile, n\:amlich:

  2. 2.

    eine \:Ubergangszone, gest\:utzt von Gliazellen des Typs Hortega IV, und

  3. 3.

    der oligodendrogli\:ose Teil, gest\:utzt von Oligodendrioglia-Zellen.

    Bei Injektionen dieser Nervenabschnitte mit Farbstoffen konnte man eine dichte, reguläre Gefäßzeichnung im Schwannschen Teil feststellen; im Glia-Teil war eine mehr sparsame and irreguläre Zeichnung zu sehen. Dies wurde bei alien Altersgruppen gefunden. Die Differenz der Gefäßstruktur spiegelt sich in den pathologischen Veränderungen des Schwannschen and gliösen Teiles des Nerven bei Altersschwerhörigkeit (Hansen u. Reske-Nielsen, 1965). Somit muß die Grenze zwischen Schwannscher and Ubergangszone des N. vestibule-cochlearis als eine entscheidende Zone beachtet werden. Wie von Nemecek u. a. angenommen wurde, könnte die Übergangszone ein Teil der gliosen Oberflächen-Barriere des zentralen Nervensystems sein.

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Hansen, C.C. Vascular anatomy of the human temporal bone. Arch. Klin. Exp. Ohr.-, Nas.- U. Kehlk. Heilk. 200, 115–124 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418194

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