Abstract
Cell extracts of Peptostreptococcus productus (strain Marburg) obtained from CO grown cells mediated the synthesis of acetate from CO plus CO2 at rates of 50 nmol/min × mg of cell protein. 14CO was specifically incorporated into C1 of acetate. No label exchange occurred between 14C1 of acetyl-CoA and CO, indicating that 14CO incorporation into acetate was by net synthesis rather than by an exchange reaction. In acetate synthesis from CO plus CO2 the latter substrate could be replaced to some extent by formate or methyl tetrahydrofolate as the methyl donor. The methyl group of methyl cobalamin was incorporated into acetate ony at very low activities. The cell extracts contained high levels of enzyme activities involved in acetate or cell carbon synthesis from CO2. The following enzymic activities were detected: CO: methyl viologen oxidoreductase, formate dehydrogenase, formyl tetrahydrofolate synthetase, methenyl tetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase, methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, phosphate acetyltransferase, acetate kinase, hydrogenase, NADPH: benzyl viologen oxidoreductase, and pyruvate synthase. Some kinetic and other properties were studied.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bergmeyer HU, Graßl M, Walter HE (1983) Acetate kinase. In: Bergmeyer HU (ed) Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol II, 3rd ed. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 127–128
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
Buchanan BB, Arnon DI (1969) The reductive carboxylic acid cycle. In: McCormick DB, Wright LD (eds) Methods in enzymology, vol XIII. Academic Press, New York London, pp 170–181
Clark JE, Ragsdale SW, Ljungdahl LG, Wiegel J (1982) Levels of enzymes involved in the synthesis of acetate from CO2 in Clostridium thermoautotrophicum. J Bacteriol 151:507–509
Decker K (1985) Acetyl coenzyme A. In: Bergmeyer HU (ed) Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol VII, 3rd ed. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 187–192
Diekert G (1988) CO dehydrogenase of acetogens. In: Lancaster JR (ed) The bioinorganic chemistry of nickel. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 299–309
Diekert G (1990) CO2 reduction to acetate in anaerobic bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 87:391–395
Diekert G (1991) The acetogenic bacteria. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer KH (eds) The prokaryotes, 2nd ed. Springer, New York (in press)
Diekert G, Ritter M (1983) Carbon monoxide fixation into the carboxyl group of acetate during growth of Acetobacterium woodii on H2 and CO2. FEMS Microbiol Lett 17:299–302
Diekert GB, Thauer RK (1978) Carbon monoxide oxidation by Clostridium thermoaceticum and Clostridium formicoaceticum. J Bacteriol 136:597–606
Diekert G, Hansch M, Conrad R (1984) Acetate synthesis from 2 CO2 in acetogenic bacteria: Is carbon monoxide an intermediate? Arch Microbiol 138:224–228
Diekert G, Schrader E, Harder W (1986) Energetics of CO formation and CO oxidation in cell suspensions of Acetobacterium woodii. Arch Microbiol 144:386–392
Dolphin D (1971) Preparation of the reduced forms of vitamin B12 and of some analogs of the vitamin B12 coenzyme containing a cobalt-carbon bond. In: McCormick DB, Wright LD (eds) Methods in enzymology, vol XVIII. Academic Press, New York London, pp 35–52
Dorn M, Andreesen JR, Gottschalk G (1978) Fermentation of fumarate and L-malate by Clostridium formicoaceticum. J Bacteriol 133:26–32
Eden G, Fuchs G (1982) Total synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A involved in autotrophic CO2 fixation in Acetobacterium woodii. Arch Microbiol 133:66–74
Fuchs G (1986) CO2 fixation in acetogenic bacteria: variations on a theme. FEMS Microbiol Rev 39:181–213
Geerligs G, Aldrich HC, Harder W, Diekert G (1987) Isolation and characterization of a carbon monoxide utilizing strain of the acetogen Peptostreptococcus productus. Arch Microbiol 148: 305–313
Hu SI, Drake HL, Wood HG (1982) Synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A from carbon monoxide, methyltetrahydrofolate, and coenzyme A by enzymes from Clostridium thermoaceticum. J Bacteriol 149:440–448
Hu SI, Pezacka E, Wood HG (1984) Acetate synthesis from carbon monoxide by Clostridium thermoaceticum: purification of the corrinoid protein. J Biol Chem 259:8892–8897
Ljungdahl LG, Andreesen JR (1978) Formate dehydrogenase, a selenium-tungsten enzyme from Clostridium thermoaceticum. In: McCormick DB, Wright LD (eds) Methods in enzymology, vol 53. Academic Press, New York London, pp 360–372
Lorowitz WH, Bryant MP (1984) Peptostreptococcus productus strain that grows rapidly with CO as the energy source. Appl Environ Microbiol 47:961–964
Ma K, Siemon S, Diekert G (1987) Carbon monoxide metabolism in cell suspensions of Peptostreptococcus productus strain Marburg. FEMS Microbiol Lett 43:367–371
Pezacka E, Wood HG (1984) The synthesis of acetyl CoA by Clostridium thermoaceticum from carbon dioxide, hydrogen, coenzyme A and methyl tetrahydrofolate. Arch Microbiol 137:63–69
Rabinowitz JC, Pricer WE (1962) Formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase: Isolation and crystallization of the enzyme. J Biol Chem 237:2898–2902
Ragsdale SW, Ljungdahl LG (1984) Hydrogenase from Acetobacterium woodii. Arch Microbiol 139:361–365
Ragsdale SW, Wood HG (1985) Acetate biosynthesis by acetogenic bacteria: evidence that carbon monoxide dehydrogenase is the condensing enzyme that catalyses the final steps of the synthesis. J Biol Chem 260:3970–3977
Schaupp A, Ljungdahl LG (1974) Purification and properties of acetate kinase from Clostridium thermoaceticum. Arch Microbiol 100:121–129
Schulman M, Ghambeer RK, Ljungdahl LG, Wood HG (1973) Total synthesis of acetate from CO2. VII: evidence with Clostridium thermoaceticum that the carboxyl of acetate is derived from the carboxyl of pyruvate by transcarboxylation and not by fixation of CO2. J Biol Chem 248:6255–6261
Simon H, Floss HG (eds) (1967) Anwendung von Isotopen in der Organischen Chemie und Biochemie, vol I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Uyeda K, Rabinowitz JC (1967) Enzymes of clostridial purine fermentation. Methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 242:4378–4385
Wohlfarth G, Buckel W (1985) A sodium ion gradient as energy source for Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus. Arch Microbiol 142:128–135
Wohlfarth G, Diekert G (1991) Thermodynamics of methylenetetrahydrofolate reduction to methyltetrahydrofolate and its implications for the energy metabolism of homoacetogenic bacteria. Arch Microbiol 155:378–381
Wohlfarth G, Geerligs G, Diekert G (1990) Purification and properties of a NADH dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase from Peptostreptococcus productus. Eur J Biochem 192:411–417
Wohlfarth G, Geerligs G, Diekert G (1991) Purification and characterization of NADP+-dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase from Peptostreptococcus productus Marburg. J Bacteriol 173:1414–1419
Wood HG, Ragsdale SW, Pezacka E (1986) The acetyl CoA pathway of autotrophic growth. FEMS Microbiol Rev 39:345–362
Zinder SH, Koch M (1984) Non-acetoclastic methanogenesis from acetate: acetate oxidation by a thermophilic syntrophic coculture. Arch Microbiol 138:263–272
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ma, K., Wohlfarth, G. & Diekert, G. Acetate formation from CO and CO2 by cell extracts of Peptostreptococcus productus (strain Marburg). Arch. Microbiol. 156, 75–80 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418191
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418191