Abstract
To identify synaptonemal complex (SC) proteins in Lilium longiflorum (lily), monoclonal antibodies were generated using mice immunized with isolated pachytene nuclei. While most of the resulting monoclonal antibodies recognized nucleolar or chromatin proteins, one monoclonal antibody (anti-LE) was found that binds to lateral elements. Anti-LE bound more to lateral elements of SCs digested with DNase than to lateral elements that had not been digested with DNase. The opposite pattern of labeling was observed using monoclonal antibodies to lily chromatin and nucleolar proteins. These results indicate that anti-LE is specifically recognizing lateral element proteins and not chromatin or nucleolar proteins surrounding the lateral elements. On immunoblots, anti-LE binds to three pachytene nuclear proteins (Mr 60000, 66000 and 70000), two tetrad (early microspore) nuclear proteins (Mr 60000 and 70000), and two root tip nuclear proteins (Mr 52000 and 60000). However, anti-LE does not bind to proteins from leaf nuclei. Of these four tissues, leaf is the only one that does not have actively dividing cells. This observation suggests that at least some SC proteins are related to nuclear proteins from mitotically active cells.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson LK, Stack SM, Fox MH, Zhang C (1985) The relationship between genome size and synaptonemal complex length in higher plants. Exp Cell Res 156:367–378
Barlow AL, Jenkins G, ap Gwynn I (1993) Scanning electron microscopy of synaptonemal complexes. Chromosome Res 1:9–13
Chen Q, Pearlman RE, Moens PB (1992) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a synaptonemal complex protein. Biochem Cell Biol 70:1030–1038
Dresser ME (1987) The synaptonemal complex and meiosis: An immunocytochemical approach. In: Moens PB (ed) Meiosis. Academic Press, Orlando, pp 245–274
Dresser ME, Giroux CN (1988) Meiotic chromosome behavior in spread preparations of yeast. J Cell Biol 106:567–573
Fedotova YS, Kolomiets OL, Bogdanov YS, (1989) Synaptonemal complex transformations in rye microsporocytes at the diplotene stage of meiosis. Genome 32:816–823
Gil-Alberdi L, del Mazo J (1992) Microtubule associated proteins during mouse spermatogenesis: Localization of a protein immunologically related to brain MAP1B protein in the synaptonemal complex. Cytogenet Cell Genet 59:1–5
Gillies CB (1984) The synaptonemal complex in higher plants. CRC Crit Rev Plant Sci 2:81–116
Haaf T, Machens A, Schmid A (1989) Immunocytogenetics II. Human autoantibodies to synaptonemal complexes. Cytogenet Cell Genet 50:6–131
Hames BD (1990) One-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In: Hames BD, Rickwood D (ed) Gel electrophoresis of proteins: A practical approach, 2nd edn. IRL, Press, Oxford, pp 1–147
Hancock K, Tsang VCW (1988) India ink staining of proteins on nitrocellulose. In: Bjerrum OJ, Heegaard NHH (ed) CRC handbook of immunoblotting of proteins. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 127–136
Harlow E, Lane D (1988) Antibodies; a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
Heyting C, Dietrich AJJ, Redeker EJW, Vink ACG (1985) Structure and composition of synaptonemal complexes, isolated from rat spermatocytes. Eur J Cell Biol 36:307–314
Heyting C, Moens PB, van Raamsdonk W, Dietrich AJJ, Vink ACG, Redeker EJW (1987) Identification of two major components of the lateral elements of synaptonemal complexes of the rat. Eur J Cell Biol 43:148–154
Heyting C, Dettmers RJ, Dietrich AJJ, Redeker EJW, Vink ACG (1988) Two major components of synaptonemal complexes are specific for meiotic prophase nuclei. Chromosoma 96:325–332
Heyting C, Dietrich AJJ, Moens PB, Dettmers RJ, Offenberg HH, Redeker EJW, Vink ACG (1989) Synaptonemal complex proteins. Genome 31:81–87
Hogan CJ (1987) Microtubule patterns during meiosis in two higher plant species. Protoplasma 138:126–136
Hollingsworth NM, Byers B (1989) HOP1: a yeast meiotic pairing gene. Genetics 121:445–462
Hollingsworth NM, Johnson AD (1993) A conditional allele of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HOP1 gene is suppressed by overexpression of two other meiosis-specific genes. RED1 and REC104. Genetics 133:785–797
Hollingsworth NM, Goetsch L, Byers B (1990) The HOP1 gene encodes a meiosis-specific component of yeast chromosomes. Cell 61:73–84
Kimball JW (1986) Introduction to immunology, 2nd edn. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York
Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680–685
Maguire MP (1978) A possible role for the synaptonemal complex in chiasma maintenance. Exp Cell Res 112:297–308
McLeish J Snoad B (1958) Looking at chromosomes. St Martin's Press, New York
Minamide LS, Bamburg JR (1990) A filter paper dye-binding assay for quantitative determination of protein without interference from reducing agents or detergents. Anal Biochem 190:66–70
Moens PB (1978) Lateral element cross connections of the synaptonemal complex and their relationship to chiasmata in rat spermatocytes. Can J Genet Cytol 20:567–579
Moens PB, Earnshaw WC (1989) Anti-topoisomerase II recognizes meiotic chromosome cores. Chromosoma 98:317–322
Moens PB, Heyting C, Dietrich AJJ, van Raamsdonk W, Chen Q (1987) Synaptonemal complex antigen location and conservation. J Cell Biol 105:93–103
Moens PB, Spyropoulos B, Dobson M (1992) Searching for synaptonemal complex proteins and their genes. Dev Genet 13:435–440
Moreno Diaz de la Espina S, risueno M, Fernandez-Gomez ME, Tandler CJ (1976) Ultrastructural study of the nucleolar cycle in meristematic cells of Allium cepa. J Microscopie Biol Cell 25:265–278
Moses MJ (1968) Synaptinemal complex. Annu Rev Genet 2:363–412
Offenberg HH, Dietrich AJJ, Heyting C (1991) Tissue distribution of two major components of synaptonemal complexes of the rat. Chromosoma 101:83–91
Riggs CD, Hasenkampf CA (1991) Antibodies directed against a meiosis-specific, chromatin-associated protein identify conserved meiotic epitopes. Chromosoma 101:92–98
Rufas JS, Santos JL, Diaz M, Suja JA (1992) Meiotic chromosome structure: relationship between the synaptonemal complex and the chromatid cores. Genome 35:1054–1061
Smith A, Benavente R (1992) Identification of a structural protein component of rat synaptonemal complexes. Exp Cell Res 198:291–297
Smith E, Roberts K, Butcher GW, Galfre G (1984) Monoclonal antibody screening: Two methods using antigens immobilized on nitrocellulose. Anal Biochem 138:119–124
Stack SM (1991) Staining plant cells with silver. II. Chromosome cores. Genome 34:900–908
Stack SM, Anderson LK, Sherman JD (1989) Chiasmata and recombination nodules in Lilium longiflorum. Genome 32:486–498
Stern H, Hotta Y (1987) The biochemistry of meiosis. In: Moens PB (ed) Meiosis, Academic Press, New York, pp 303–331
Sym M, Engebrecht J-A, Roeder GS (1993) ZIP1 is a synaptonemal complex protein required for meiotic chromosome synapsis. Cell 72:365–378
Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J (1979) Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: Procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76:4350–4354
von Wettstein D, Rasmussen S, Holm P (1984) The synaptonemal complex in genetic segregation. Annu Rev Genet 18:331–413
Woldringh CL, de Jong MA, van den Berg W, Koppes L (1977) Morphological analysis of the division cycle of two Escherichia coli substrains during slow growth. J Bacteriol 131:270–279
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Anderson, L.K., Stack, S.M., Todd, R.J. et al. A monoclonal antibody to lateral element proteins in synaptonemal complexes of Lilium longiflorum . Chromosoma 103, 357–367 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00417884
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00417884