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The influence of drugs involved in general anaesthesia and of antihypertensive agents on intraocular and blood pressure in the rabbit

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Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The influence of a relatively large number of different drugs on intraocular pressure (IOP) and arterial blood pressure was studied in rabbits under standardized circumstances. In some experiments venous pressure was measured as well. Basic anaesthesia of the rabbits with chloralose + urethane did not influence IOP.

  1. 1.

    Intravenously injected noradrenaline simultaneously increased IOP and blood pressure, whereas acetazolamide reduced IOP without influencing blood pressure. The effects of these two well known drugs indicated that the experimental procedure employed was suitable for our purpose.

  2. 2.

    Hexobarbital, pentobarbital, thiobutabarbital and propanidide increased IOP and venous pressure. The negative inotropic action of these agents causes the rise in venous pressure, thus explaining the increase in IOP resulting from an impaired outflow of aqueous humour.

    Fentanyl + dehydrobenzperidol (Thalamonal®), used in neuroleptanalgesia slightly reduced both IOP and arterial blood pressure.

  3. 3.

    Halothane somewhat increased IOP, probably as a result of its negative inotropic action (rise in venous pressure). Nitrous oxide slightly diminished IOP.

  4. 4.

    Benzodiazepines, chlorpromazine and haloperidol reduced IOP, probably as a result of their blood pressure lowering effect.

  5. 5.

    Gallamine slightly decreased IOP, whereas succinylcholine provoked an impressive rise in IOP. The effects of both drugs are probably due to their influence on the external eye muscles.

  6. 6.

    Antihypertensive agents (reserpine, dihydralazine and clonidine) diminished IOP, usually to a larger degree than can be explained by their effect on blood pressure.

  7. 7.

    The clinical significance of the experimental findings is discussed. It has been emphasized that succinylcholine should be avoided completely in ophthalmic surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Ophthalmological Clinic, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, W Germany

    W. Schmiedeberg, H. J. Thiel &  P. A. van Zwieten

  2. Department of Biopharmacy, University of Amsterdam, Roeterstraat 1, Amsterdam-C, The Netherlands

    P. A. van Zwieten

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  1. W. Schmiedeberg
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  2. H. J. Thiel
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  3. P. A. van Zwieten
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Schmiedeberg, W., Thiel, H.J. & van Zwieten, P.A. The influence of drugs involved in general anaesthesia and of antihypertensive agents on intraocular and blood pressure in the rabbit. Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol. 183, 179–195 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412823

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