Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Issues of health services for the consumer in Third World countries

Verbraucherprobleme bei Gesundheitsdiensten in Drittweltländern

  • New Paradigms In The Supply Of Health Services
  • Published:
Journal of Consumer Policy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article deals with the issues of health services for poor consumers in Third World countries. The health services in these countries have been modelled on the systems available in developed countries and meet the needs of the affluent sections of the population who control government policy. But these services are beyond the reach of the poor. There are wide disparities between the health indicators of the rich and poor consumers in the Third World. To provide adequate health services to the poor, there should be a re-allocation of resources away from high technology and hospital based curative services to preventive and promotive health services. It is often argued that low income countries cannot expect to improve the health of all their inhabitants without first increasing productivity. Evidence from selected Third World countries indicates, however, that visible improvements in the health status of the poor are quite feasible with low per capita GNPs if there is the political will to implement progressive policies in health and certain non-health sectors. The latter include policies on land reform and education, particularly education of women.

Zusammenfassung

Der Aufsatz befaßt sich mit Problemen von Gesundheitsdiensten für arme Konsumenten von Drittweltländern. Die gesundheitliche Versorgung der Bevölkerung ist dort nach Vorbildern von Industrieländern eingerrichtet worden. Sie kommt den Bedürfnissen der wohlhabenden Oberschicht entgegen, die die Regierungspolitik kontrollieren. Die dieserart angebotenen Gesundheitsdienstleistungen sind jedoch für die Armen unerreichbar und unerschwinglich. Es zeichnen sich erhebliche Unterschiede in den Gesundheitsindikatoren zwischen den wohlhabenden und den armen Verbrauchern in Ländern der Dritten Welt ab. Um wirklich die Armen gesundheitlich zu versorgen, müßte eine Umverteilung der Resourcen weg von Hochtechnologie und stationärer Behandlung und hin zu präventiven und unterstützend-helfenden Maßnahmen erfolgen. Es wird oft behauptet, daß Länder mit geringem Volkseinkommen den Gesundheitsstand ihrer Bevölkerung nicht wesentlich verbessern können, bevor sie nicht erst ihre Produktivität steigern. Beweismaterial von Drittweltländern zeigt jedoch an, daß erkennbare Verbesserungen des Gesundheitszustandes der Armen in Ländern mit geringem Volkseinkommen möglich sind, wenn der politische Wille besteht, fortschrittliche Politiken in Gesundheitsdientsen und einigen verwandten Nichtgesundheitssektoren umzusetzen. Zu letzteren gehören Bodenreform und Erziehung, vor allem für Frauen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bergen, W. L. (1974). Administration and evaluation of rural health services, I. A tetanus control programme in Haiti. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 23. Quoted in Leisinger (1984, pp. 372–381).

  • George, S. (1976). How the other half dies. London: Pelican.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grosse, R. N. (1980). Interrelation between health and population: Observations derived from field experiences. Social Sciences & Medicine, 14D. Quoted in Leisinger (1984, pp. 382–394).

  • Health care in South East Asia (1985). New Delhi: WHO/SEARO.

  • Isenman, P. (1980). Basic needs: The case of Sri Lanka. World Development, 8, 37–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, M. (1966). Medical care in developing countries. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leisinger, K. M. (1984). Health policy for least developed countries. Basel: Social Strategies Publishers Cooperative Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, T. (1988). The road to health. Geneva: WHO Media Service. WHO Features, No. 131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morawetz, D. (1977). Twenty five years of economic development, 1950–1975. Baltimore.

  • Morley, D. C. (1975). The large teaching hospital — A disaster? In: British health care planning & technology. British Hospitals Export Council Year Book, pp. 119–122. London: British Hospitals Expert Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morley, D. C. (1979). Paediatric priorities in the developing world. London: Butterworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mutalib, M. A., Islam, N., Ghani, J. A., Khan, K., Azizullah, A., & Islam, B. (1975). Intestinal parasites in University of Dacca students. Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 78, 224–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nyerere, J. K. (1971). Uhuru na Maendeleo (Road to freedom). Dar-es-Salaam: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Panikar, P. G. K., & Soman, C. R. (1984). Health status of Kerala: Paradox of economic backwardness and health development. Trivandrum: Centre for Development Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, S. H. (1978). Mortality, morbidity, and development. Paper presented at the seminar on Population and Development in the ECWA Region, Abidjan, Ivory Coast, September 20.

  • Sanders, D., & Carver, R. (1985). The struggle for health: Medicine and politics of underdevelopment. London: McMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Segall, M. (1972). The politics of health in Tanzania. Development and Change, 4. Quoted in Sanders & Carver (1985, p. 91).

  • Sharpston, M. J. (1972). Uneven geographic distribution of medical care: A Ghanaian case study. Journal of Development Studies, 8, 209–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streeten, P. (1981). First things first, meeting basic needs in developing countries. Quoted in Leisinger (1984, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1977). Case studies in the transfer of technology: Pharmaceutical policies in Sri Lanka. New York: United Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1980). Technology policies and planning in the pharmaceutical sector in the developing countries. New York: United Nations. TD/B/C.6/56.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1982). Guidelines on technology issues in the pharmaceutical sector in the developing countries. New York: United Nations. TT/49.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNICEF (1988). The state of the world's children. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1975). Poverty, employment, and development policy. New York: UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1980a). Conference of experts on the rational use of drugs. Geneva: WHO. A39/12/Part IV, February 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1980b). Selected primary health care interventions. Geneva: WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1983). Primary health care. Report of the 1978 Alma Ata Conference (Reprint). Geneva: WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO Expert Committee (1985). The use of essential drugs. Second report. Geneva: WHO. Technical Report Series 722.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Additional information

Kumariah Balasubramaniam is pharmaceutical advisor to IOCU (International Organization of Consumers Unions), P.O. Box 1045, 10830 Penang, Malaysia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Balasubramaniam, K. Issues of health services for the consumer in Third World countries. J Consum Policy 12, 309–331 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412138

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412138

Keywords

Navigation