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Über eine Valin-Carboxylyase aus Bacillus sphaericus

Studies on a valine carboxy-lyase of Bacillus sphaericus

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Summary

  1. 1.

    The occurrence of a l-valine carboxy-lyase in Bacillus sphaericus has been demonstrated. The enzyme was found to occur in four out of nine strains tested.

  2. 2.

    Some properties of the decarboxylase were studied in detail using acetonedried cells of B. sphaericus ATCC 245. The substrate-unspecific enzyme decarboxylates the following amino acids: valine, norvaline, leucine, 2-amino n-butyric acid, norleucine, isoleucine, methionine, alanine and phenylalanine. When two substrates are present simultaneously no additive effects are detected.

  3. 3.

    The pH optimum for the reactions is about pH 7.7–7.9, the optimum temperature between 50 and 60°C.

  4. 4.

    The enzyme is activated by pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) and, to a lower extent, by pyridoxal. In the absence of added PLP the rate of decarboxylation decreases continuously. The inactivation occurs more rapidly during decarboxylation of leucine than of valine; added leucine progressively inhibits valine decarboxylation.

  5. 5.

    The decaroxylations are sensitive to reagents known to combine with carbonyl and — SH groups. PLP protects the enzyme to some extent against a progressive inhibition by iodoacetate which is stronger with leucine than with valine. It doesn't, however, reverse inactivation already established.

  6. 6.

    The enzyme activity is highest in very young cultures of Bacillus sphaericus. It decreases rapidly in the early exponential phase of growth.

Zusammenfassung

  1. 1.

    In 4 von 9 untersuchten Stämmen von Bacillus sphaericus ließ sich eine l-Valin-Carboxylyase nachweisen.

  2. 2.

    Einige Eigenschaften des Enzyms wurden an Acetonpräparaten von B. sphaericus ATCC 245 näher untersucht. Die Decarboxylase reagiert substratunspezifisch mit folgenden Aminosäuren: Valin, Norvalin, Leucin, 2-Amino-n-buttersäure, Norleucin, Isoleucin, Methionin, Alanin und Phenylalanin. Bei gleichzeitigem Angebot zweier Substrate läßt sich kein additiver Effekt feststellen.

  3. 3.

    Das pH-Optimum der Enzymkatalyse liegt bei pH 7,7–7,9, das Temperaturoptimum zwischen 50 und 60°C.

  4. 4.

    Die Decarboxylase wird durch Pyridoxalphosphat (PLP), in geringerem Maße auch durch Pyridoxal, aktiviert. Ohne Zusatz von PLP nimmt die Decarboxylierungsrate stetig ab, und zwar bei Leucin sehr viel schneller als bei Valin; die Decarboxylierung von Valin wird durch Leucin gehemmt.

  5. 5.

    Carbonyl- und SH-Gruppenreagentien hemmen die Decarboxylase. PLP schützt das Enzym in gewissem Umfang gegen die bei Leucin stärker als bei Valin progressiv zunehmende Hemmung durch Jodacetat, kann aber eine bereits eingetretene Inaktivierung nicht wieder aufheben.

  6. 6.

    Die Enzymaktivität ist am höchsten in ganz jungen Kulturen von Bacillus sphaericus; schon zu Beginn des exponentiellen Wachstums fällt sie steib ab.

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Teil einer Dissertation (E. Bast) der Math.-Naturw. Fakultät der Universität Bonn (D 5).

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Bast, E., Hartmann, T. & Steiner, M. Über eine Valin-Carboxylyase aus Bacillus sphaericus . Archiv. Mikrobiol. 79, 12–24 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412037

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412037

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