Skip to main content

An approach to global fold determination using limited NMR data from larger proteins selectively protonated at specific residue types

Summary

A combination of calculation and experiment is used to demonstrate that the global fold of larger proteins can be rapidly determined using limited NMR data. The approach involves a combination of heteronuclear triple resonance NMR experiments with protonation of selected residue types in an otherwise completely deuterated protein. This method of labelling produces proteins with α-specific deuteration in the protonated residues, and the results suggest that this will improve the sensitivity of experiments involving correlation of side-chain (1H and 13C) and backbone (1H and 15N) amide resonances. It will allow the rapid assignment of backbone resonances with high sensitivity and the determination of a reasonable structural model of a protein based on limited NOE restraints, an application that is of increasing importance as data from the large number of genome sequencing projects accumulates. The method that we propose should also be of utility in extending the use of NMR spectroscopy to determine the structures of larger proteins.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

References

  • Arrowsmith, C., Pachter, R., Altman, R. and Jardetzky, O. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem., 202, 53–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bax, A. and Grzesiek, S. (1993) Acc. Chem. Res., 26, 131–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broadhurst, R.W., Hardman, C.H., Thomas, J.O. and Laue, E.D. (1995) Biochemistry, 34, 16608–16617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brünger, A.T. (1992) X-PLOR Manual v. 3.0, Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clore, G.M. and Gronenborn, A. (1991) Science, 252, 795–796.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clowes, R.T., Boucher, W., Hardman, C.H., Domaille, P.J. and Laue, E.D. (1993) J. Biomol. NMR, 3, 349–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crespi, H.L., Rosenberg, R.M. and Katz, J.J. (1968) Science, 161, 795–796.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • FarmerII, B.T. and Venters, R.A. (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 4187–4188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grzesiek, S. and Bax, A. (1992a) J. Magn. Reson., 99, 201–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzesiek, S. and Bax, A. (1992b) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 6291–6293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grzesiek, S. and Bax, A. (1993) J. Biomol. NMR, 3, 185–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzesiek, S., Anglister, J., Ren, H. and Bax, A. (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 4369–4370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grzesiek, S., Wingfield, P., Stahl, S., Kaufman, J.D. and Bax, A. (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 9594–9595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kraulis, P.J. (1991) J. Appl. Crystallogr., 24, 946–950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kraulis, P.J., Domaille, P.J., Campbell-Burk, S.L., VanAken, T. and Laue, E.D. (1994) Biochemistry, 33, 3515–3531.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laue, E.D., Mayger, M.R., Skilling, J. and Staunton, J. (1986) J. Magn. Reson., 68, 14–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • LeMaster, D.M. and Richards, F.M. (1988) Biochemistry, 27, 142–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LeMaster, D.M. (1990) Q. Rev. Biophys., 23, 133–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Logan, T.M., Olejniczak, E.T., Xu, R.X. and Fesik, S.W. (1992) FEBS Lett., 314, 413–418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Markley, J.L., Potter, I. and Jardetzky, O. (1968) Science, 161, 1249–1251.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Markus, M.A., Dayie, K.T., Matsudaira, P. and Wagner, G. (1994) J. Magn. Reson., A105, 192–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montelione, G.T., Lyons, B.A., Emerson, S.D. and Tashiro, M. (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 10974–10975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nietlispach, D., Clowes, R.T., Broadhurst, R.W., Ito, Y., Keeler, J., Kelly, M., Ashurst, J., Oschkinat, H., Domaille, P.J. and Laue, E.D. (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 407–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilges, M. (1995) J. Mol. Biol., 245, 645–660.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oldfield, E. (1995) J. Biomol. NMR, 5, 217–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spera, S. and Bax, A. (1991) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 5490–5492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tjandra, N., Feller, S.E., Pastor, R.W. and Bax, A. (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 12562–12566.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tolman, J.R., Flanagan, J.M., Kennedy, M.A. and Prestegard, J.H. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 9279–9283.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Torchia, D.A., Sparks, S.W. and Bax, A. (1988) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 2320–2321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venters, R.A., Metzler, W.J., Spicer, L.D., Mueller, L. and FarmerII, B.T. (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 9592–9593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vuister, G.W., Kim, S.-J., Wu, C. and Bax, A. (1994) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 9206–9210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, A.C., Lodi, P.J., Qin, J., Vuister, G.W., Gronenborn, A.M. and Clore, G.M. (1994) J. Magn. Reson., B105, 196–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wishart, D.S. and Sykes, B.D. (1994) Methods Enzymol., 239, 363–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamazaki, T., Lee, W., Revington, M., Mattiello, D.L., Dahlquist, F.W., Arrowsmith, C.H. and Kay, L.E. (1994a) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 6464–6465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamazaki, T., Lee, W., Arrowsmith, C.H., Muhandiram, D.R. and Kay, L.E. (1994b) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 11655–11666.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The first two authors contributed equally to this work.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Smith, B.O., Ito, Y., Raine, A. et al. An approach to global fold determination using limited NMR data from larger proteins selectively protonated at specific residue types. J Biomol NMR 8, 360–368 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00410335

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00410335

Keywords

  • Isotope labelling
  • Deuteration
  • Resonance assignment
  • Global fold
  • Larger proteins
  • ras p21