Skip to main content
Log in

NAD kinase from Bacillus licheniformis: inhibition by NADP and other properties

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Archives of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

NAD kinase was purified 180-fold from Bacillus licheniformis to determine the role it plays in NADP turnover in this organism. The enzyme was found to have a pH optimum of 6.8 and an apparent K m for NAD of 2.7 mM. The ATP saturation curve was not hyperbolic; 5.5 mM ATP was required to reach half maximal activity. Both Mn2+ and Ca2+ could be substituted for Mg2+. Several compounds including nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinamide mononucleotide, quinolinic acid, NADPH, ADP, AMP and cyclic AMP did not affect NAD kinase activity. In contrast, the enzyme was inhibited by NADP at concentrations typically found in logarithmic cells of B. licheniformis. This inhibition was competitive with NAD and had a K i of 0.13 mM. It is suggested that in vivo NAD kinase activity is highly dependent on the concentrations of NAD and ATP and the proportion of oxidized and reduced NADP.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Apps DK (1968) Kinetic studies of pigeon liver NAD kinase. Eur J Biochem 5:444–449

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson DE (1970) Enzymes as control elements in metabolic regulation. In: Boyer PD (ed) The enzymes, vol 1. Academic Press, New York, pp 461–489

    Google Scholar 

  • Barratt DG, Cook RA (1978) Role of metal cofactors in enzyme regulation. Differences in the regulatory properties of the Neurospora crassa nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide specific isocitrate dehydrogenase depending on whether Mg2+ or Mn2+ serves as divalent cation. Biochemistry 17:1561–1566

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman AG, Fall L, Atkinson DE (1971) Adenylate energy charge in Escherichia coli during growth and starvation. J Bacteriol 108:1072–1086

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung AE (1967) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase from Azotobacter vinelandii. J Biol Chem 242:1182–1186

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark VL, Peterson DE, Bernlohr RW (1972) Changes in free amino acid production and intracellular amino acid pools of Bacillus licheniformis as a function of culture age and growth media. J Bacteriol 112:715–725

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole HA, Wimpenny JWT, Hughes DE (1967) The ATP pool in Escherichia coli. I. Measurement of the pool using a modified fuciferase assay. Biochim Biophys Acta 143:445–453

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook RA, Koshland DE (1970) Positive and negative cooperativity in yeast glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Biochemistry 9:3337–3342

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon M (1953) The determination of enzyme inhibitor constants. Biochem J 55:170–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg DB, Austin E, Gaitan P, Espino L, Andreoli AJ (1979) Evidence for an NAD cycle in Bacillus licheniformis and the cellular location of cycle enzymes. Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology K-109

  • Imsande J, Pardee AB (1962) Regulation of pyridine nucleotide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 237:1305–1308

    Google Scholar 

  • Kornberg A (1950) Enzymatic synthesis of triphosphopyridine nucleotide. J Biol Chem 182:805–813

    Google Scholar 

  • Layne E (1957) Spectrophotometric and turbidimetric methods for measuring proteins. In: Colowick SP, Kaplan NO (eds) Methods in enzymology, vol 3. Academic Press, New York, pp 447–454

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee LMY, Krupka RM, Cook RA (1973) Cooperativity in human erythrocyte phosphofructokinase. Biochemistry 12:3505–3508

    Google Scholar 

  • Leitzmann C, Bernlohr RW (1965) Changes in the nucleotide pool of Bacillus licheniformis during sporulation. J Bacteriol 89:1506–1510

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurements with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Oka H, Field JB (1968) Inhibition of rat liver nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. J Biol Chem 243:815–819

    Google Scholar 

  • Opheim D, Bernlohr RW (1973) Purification and regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Bacillus licheniformis. J Bacteriol 116:1150–1159

    Google Scholar 

  • Setlow P, Kornberg A (1970) Biochemical studies of bacterial sporulation and germination. XXII. Energy metabolism in early stages of germination of Bacillus megaterium spores. J Biol Chem 245:3637–3644

    Google Scholar 

  • Storer AC, Cornish-Bowden A (1976) Concentration of MgATP2- and other ions in solution. Calculation of the true concentrations of species present in mixtures of associating ions. Biochem J 159:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Teipel J, Koshland DE (1969) The significance of intermediary plateau regions in enzyme saturation curves. Biochemistry 8:4656–4663

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuominen FW, Bernlohr RW (1971) Pyruvate kinase of the sporeforming bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis. I. Purification, stability, regulation of synthesis, and evidence for multiple molecular states. J Biol Chem 246:1733–1745

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang TP, Kaplan NO (1954) Kinases for the synthesis of coenzyme A and triphosphopyridine nucleotide. J Biol Chem 206:311–325

    Google Scholar 

  • Yero IL, Farinas B, Dietrich LS (1968) The purification and properties of rat lever nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase. J Biol Chem 243:4885–4888

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This paper is dedicated to Sydney C. Rittenberg on the occassion of his retirement, with respect and much affection, in appreciation for his friendship and years of distinguished service as a teacher and scientist

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zerez, C.R., Moul, D.E. & Andreoli, A.J. NAD kinase from Bacillus licheniformis: inhibition by NADP and other properties. Arch. Microbiol. 144, 313–316 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00409878

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00409878

Key words

Navigation