Summary
An electron microscopical investigation of synchronously dividing yeast cells (S. cerevisiae) prepared by freeze-etching revealed that ER is inducing bud formation. In the first step, ER elements join and form a nearly-closed bag-like envelope which surrounds the nucleus and vacuoles. From the small opening of the ER-envelope, vesicles are produced by a splitting or proliferation of the ER-membranes. The vesicles fuse with the plasmalemma and release their content into the cell wall. In this limited area, bud formation starts explosively by a local evagination of the cell wall. The ER-derived vesicles are concluded to contain proteindisulfide-reductase. The limited introduction of the enzyme into the cell wall explains bud formation to be initiated by a local increase of wall plasticity caused by the reduction of disulfide bonds between cell wall proteins. The wall is forced to extrude by the internal pressure (turgor) of the cell.
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Moor, H. Endoplasmic reticulum as the initiator of bud formation in yeast (S. cerevisiae) . Archiv. Mikrobiol. 57, 135–146 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408697
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408697