Abstract
Extracts of Spirochaeta aurantia contained granules approximately 36 nm in diameter. These granules were purified by isopycnic centrifugation on CsCl gradients and shown on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence to be glycogen. Electron microscopic cytochemical methods revealed glycogen-like granules in S. aurantia cells.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson DL, Johnson RC (1968) Electron microscopy of immune disruption of leptospires: action of complement and lysozyme. J Bacteriol 95:2293–2309
Bender H (1979) Glycogen from Klebsiella pneumoniae M5 al and Escherichia coli K12. Eur J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 8:279–287
Beudeker RF, Kerver JWM, Kuenen JG (1981) Occurrence, structure and function of intracellular polyglucose in the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus. Arch Microbiol 129:221–226
Breznak JA, Canale-Parola E (1972) Metabolism of Spirochaeta aurantia. I. Anaerobic enery-yielding pathways. Arch Mikrobiol 83:261–277
Breznak JA, Canale-Parola E (1975) Morphology and physiology of Spirochaeta aurantia strains isolated from aquatic habitats. Arch Microbiol 105:1–12
Chao L, Bowen CC (1971) Purification and properties of glycogen isolated from a blue-green alga, Nostoc muscorum. J Bacteriol 105:331–338
Cheng K-J, Hironaka R, Roberts DWA, Costerton JE (1973) Cytoplasmic glycogen inclusions in cells of anaerobic gram-negative rumen bacteria. Can J Microbiol 19:1501–1506
Cheng K-J, Brown RG, Costerton JW (1977) Characterization of a cytoplasmic reserve glucan from Ruminococcus albus. Appl Environ Microbiol 33:718–724
Dubois M, Giles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F (1956) Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350–356
Eidels L, Edelmann PL, Preiss J (1970) Biosynthesis of bacterial glycogen. VII. Activation and inhibition of the adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Arch Biochem Biophys 140:60–74
Greenberg EP, Canale-Parola E (1975) Carotenoid pigments of facultatively anaerobic spirochetes. J Bacteriol 123:1006–1012
Hansen SA (1975) Thin layer chromatographic method for the identification of mono-, di- and trisaccharides. J Chromatogr 107:224–226
Hanson RS, Phillipps JA (1981) Chemical composition. In: Gerhardt P, Murray RGE, Costilow RN, Nester WE, Wood WA, Kreig NR, Phillips GB (eds) Manual of methods in general bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, pp 329–364
Harwood CS, Canale-Parola E (1984) Ecology of spirochetes. Ann Rev Microbiol 38:161–192
Hespell RB, Canale-Parola E (1970) Spirochaeta litoralis sp. n., a strictly anaerobic marine spirochete. Arch. Mikrobiol 74:1–18
Holt SC (1978) Anatomy and chemistry of spirochetes. Microbiol Rev 42:114–160
Hovind-Hougen K, Ellis WA, Birch-Andersen A (1981a) Leptospira parva sp. nov.: Some morphological and biological characters. Zbl Bakt Hyg 1 Abt Orig A 250:343–352
Hovind-Hougen K, Cinco M, Roomans GM, Birch-Andersen A (1981b) Electrton microscopy and X-ray microanalysis of a halophilic leptospire. Arch Microbiol 130:339–343
Joseph R, Holt SC, Canale-Parola E (1973) Peptidoglycan of freeliving anaerobic spirochetes. J Bacteriol 115:426–435
Karnovsky MJ (1971) Use of ferrocyanide-reduced osmium tetroxide in electron microscopy. Proc 11th Ann Meet Am Soc Cell Biol, p 146
Krisman CR (1962) A method for the colorimetric estimation of glycogen with iodine. Anal Biochem 4:17–23
Konig H, Skorko R, Zillig W (1982) Glycogen in thermoacidophilic archaebacteria of the genera Sulfolobus, Thermoproteus, Desulfurococcus and Thermococcu. Arch Microbiol 132:297–303
Krebs HG, Heusser D, Wimmer H (1969) Spray reagents In: Stahl E (ed) Thin layer chromatography a laboratory handbook. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 887
Kuzio J, Kropinski AM (1983) O-antigen conversion in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by bacteriophage D3. J Bacteriol 155:203–212
Lindner JGEM, Marcelis JH, Devos NM, Hoogkamp-Korstanje JAA (1979) Intracellular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis. J Gen Microbiol 111:93–99
Linton JD, Cripps RE (1978) The occurrence of intracellular polyglucose storage granules in Methylococcus NCIB 11083 grown in chemostat cultures on methane. Arch Microbiol 117:41–48
Morris, GA, Hall LD (1982) Experimental chemical shift correlation maps from heteronuclear two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. II. Carbon-13 and proton chemical shifts of α-D-glucopyranose oligomers. Can J Chem 60:2431–2441
Murray PA, Zindner SN (1985) Polysaccharide reserve material in the acetotrophic methanogen, Methanosarcina thermophila strain TM-1: accumulation and mobilization. Arch Microbiol 147:109–116
Preiss J (1984) Bacterial glycogen synthesis and its regulation. Ann Rev Microbiol 38:419–548
Racker EE, Violand B, O'Neal S, Alfonso M, Telford J (1979) Reconsitution, a way of biochemical research: some new approaches to membrane-bound enzymes. Arch biochem Biophys 198:470–477
Rytér A, Kellenberger E, Birch-Andersen A, Maalóe O (1958) Étude au microscope électronique de plasma contenant de l'acides desoxyribonucléique. I. Les nucléotidés des bactéries en croissante active. Z Naturforsch 13B:597–605
Stanton TB, Canale-Parola E (1980) Treponema bryantii sp. nov., a rumen spirochete that interacts with cellulolytic bacteria. Arch Microbiol 127:145–156
Stevens SE, Balkwill DL, Paone DAM (1981) The effects of nitrogen limitation on the ultrastructure of the cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicotus. Arch Microbiol 130:204–212
Yanagihara Y, Kamisango K, Yasuda S, Kobayashi S, Mifuchi T, Azuma I, Yamamura Y, Johnson RC (1984) Chemical composition of cell walls and polysaccharide fractions of spirochetes. Microbiol Immunol 28:535–544
Zilic Z, Blau N, Knob M (1979) Simple rapid method for the separation and quantitative analysis of carbohydrates in biological fluids. J Chromatogr 164:91–94
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kropinski, A.M., Ghiorse, W.C. & Greenberg, E.P. The intracellular polyglucose storage granules of Spirochaeta aurantia . Arch. Microbiol. 150, 289–295 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00407794
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00407794