Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fixation disparity, its continuous measurement

  • Published:
Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A means for the continuous measurement of the fixation disparity condition, the associated horizontal phoria, is presented. The test procedure is under the control of a programmed digital computer. The results suggest that there is an advantage to be gained by the use of a test procedure similar to that described rather than the conventional method of a single measurement. Lateral heterophoria measurements are shown for comparison purposes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Crone, R. A.: The static and kinetic aspect of retinal disparity. Invest. Ophthal. 8, 557–560 (1969a)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crone, R. A.: Heterophoria. Albrecht v. Graefes Arch. Ophthal. 177, 52–65 (1969b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Crone, R. A.: A new theory about heterophoria. Ophthalmologica (Basel) 162, 199–204 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, W. L.: Vergence breaks measured with a stepping prism. Amer. J. Optom. 49, 569–574 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, W. L.: Lateral heterophoria sequentially measured by a stepping prism system. Amer. J. Optom. 50, 242–249 (1973a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, W. L.: Lateral heterophoria and its sequential measurement by a computer-controlled phorometer. Masters thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering, Montreal, Que.: McGill University 1973b

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallett, R. F. J.: The investigation of heterophoria at near and a new fixation disparity technique. The Optician 148, 547–551 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogle, K. N.: Researches in binocular vision. New York: Hafner 1964

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bio-medical Engineering Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    William L. Larson & John S. Outerbridge

  2. School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Box 6128, H3C 3J7, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    William L. Larson

Authors
  1. William L. Larson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. John S. Outerbridge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Larson, W.L., Outerbridge, J.S. Fixation disparity, its continuous measurement. Albrecht v. Graefes Arch. klin. exp. Ophthal. 190, 215–220 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00407095

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00407095

Keywords

Search

Navigation