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The predicted effect of SO2 emission controls on the water quality of eastern Canadian lakes

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Abstract

Changes in SO sup2-inf4 deposition predicted to occur in response to implementation of announced SO2 emission control programs in Canada and the U.S.A. have been used as input to water chemistry models thereby giving an estimate of the changes in lake acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and pH that can be expected from these programs. Eastern Canada has been divided into 22 subregions for the purpose of this analysis. Relative to the current level (1982–86) of SO sup2-inf4 deposition (Scenario 1), the effect of the Canadian SO2 emission control program alone (Scenario 2) is compared to that obtained when controls are implemented throughout North America (Scenarios 3 and 4). SO2 emission reduction will effect a shrinkage of the high wet SO sup2-inf4 deposition field in NE North America such that under Scenario 4 conditions, almost no area will remain in Canada that receives >20 kg ha-1 yr-1. The greatest decrease in deposition and resulting change in lake chemistry occurs in southern Ontario and southwestern Quebec. ANC distributions shift to higher concentrations and the percentage of lakes having pH<6 decreases in these areas. The Atlantic Provinces will obtain only a minor benefit from the control programs, i.e. experiencing only a small decrease in deposition and improvement in water quality. High sensitivity of the terrain in many parts of Atlantic Canada means that large numbers of lakes will remain acidic (i.e. ANC<0) and/or have pH<6 (an important biological threshold) even after full implementation of the current plans for SO2 control in Canada and the U.S.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rivers Research Branch, National Water Research Institute, P.O. Box 5050, L7R 4A6, Burlington, Ontario, Canada

    D. S. Jeffries, D. C. L. Lam & I. Wong

  2. Air Resources Branch, Ontario Ministry of Environment, 125 Resources Road, East Wing, M9W 5L1, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada

    R. M. Bloxam

Authors
  1. D. S. Jeffries
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  2. D. C. L. Lam
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  3. I. Wong
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  4. R. M. Bloxam
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Jeffries, D.S., Lam, D.C.L., Wong, I. et al. The predicted effect of SO2 emission controls on the water quality of eastern Canadian lakes. Environ Monit Assess 23, 99–113 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00406955

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