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Allergic vasculitis

A histological and immunofluorescent study of lesional and non-lesional skin in relation to circulating immune complexes

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Summary

This study concerns 57 patients who fulfilled histological criteria for the diagnosis allergic vasculitis. For 37 of these patients, biopsy specimen were available from lesional and adjacent non-lesional skin. Histological signs of vasculitis were found at both sites, but in clinically normal skin the perivascular infiltrate was less dense and neutrophils and eosinophils were sparse or absent. Fibrin was found in only ten patients and occurred less frequently in nonlesional skin. Deposits of immune complexes and/or complement were detected by immunofluorescence in 49 of the 57 patients. Hardly any differences between lesional and non-lesional skin were found with immunofluorescent microscopy. Circulating immune complexes were detected in 45 of the 56 available sera. A relationship was found between the class of immunoglobulin in immune complexes in the vessel wall and in the circulation. Moreover, the class of immunoglobulin seemed to be related to the course, the extracutaneous involvement, and the presence of associated diseases. No explanation was found for the histological differences observed between lesional and non-lesional skin.

Zusammenfassung

Es kamen 57 Patienten zur Untersuchung, die histologische Zeichen einer Vasculitis allergica zeigten. Bei 37 dieser Patienten konnte Haut von der Läsion selbst sowie von der angrenzenden nicht befallenen Haut untersucht werden. Histologische Charakteristika einer Vasculitis wurden in beiden Regionen aufgefunden. Allerdings zeigte die klinisch nicht befallene Haut ein weniger dichtes Infiltrat mit geringerer Darstellung von Leukocyten und Eosinophilen, die auch fehlen konnten. Fibrinablagerung wurde bei zehn Patienten vermerkt. Die nicht befallene Haut war davon geringer betroffen. Immunglobulinablagerung, Komplementdarstellung wurde mit Hilfe der Immunfluorescenz bei 49 von diesen 57 Patienten aufgefunden. Es ergab sich kein Unterschied zwischen der befallenen und nicht befallenen Haut. Zirkulierende Immunkomplexe wurden in 45 der 56 zur Verfügung stehenden Sera nachgewiesen. Es ergab sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen Immunglobulinklasse innerhalb des Immunkomplexes, der Gefä\wand und den Verhältnissen im strömenden Blut. Eine Korrelation zwischen dem Typ der Immunglobuline, dem Verlauf der Vasculitis, des gleichzeitigen Vorliegens von assozierten Krankheiten und extracutanen Symptomen war deutlich. Es konnte keine Erklärung für die histologischen Unterschiede zwischen der befallenen und nicht befallenen Haut gefunden werden

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Herrmann, W.A., Kauffmann, R.H., van Es, L.A. et al. Allergic vasculitis. Arch Dermatol Res 269, 179–187 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00406538

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00406538

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