Abstract
The “constituents” quarks and leptons of matter (with rest-mass) are compared with the historical development of “elements” in chemistry. If unsaturated quarks induce high (and at the moment unpredictable) rest-masses above l0GeV, we have a new view of nuclei comprising (2Z + N) u-quarks and (Z +2N) d-quarks in their low-energy states, without any reference to protons and neutrons as permanent building-blocks. Recent studies of quarks and possible rishons (sub-quarks) and technicolour hadrons are reviewed, and the rôle of identity and cardinality in quantum mechanics analyzed.
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Jørgensen, C.K. More news about quarks. Naturwissenschaften 69, 420–427 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404760
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404760