References
Bättig, K.: Die Wirkung von Training und Amphetamin auf Ausdauer und Geschwindigkeit der Schwimmleistung der Ratte. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 4, 15–27 (1963).
—: Das Schwimmen von Ratten durch einen Wasserkanal. Methodische und pharmakologische Einflüsse auf Leistung und Ermüdung. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta 19, 384–398 (1961).
Brodie, B. B., M. H. Bickel, and F. Sulser: Desmethylimipramine, a new type of antidepressant drug. Med. exp. (Basel) 5, 454–458 (1961).
Cook, L., and R. T. Kelleher: Drug effects on the behavior of animals. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 96, 315–335 (1962).
Dews, P. B.: A behavioral output enhancing effect of imipramine in pigeons. Int. J. Neuropharmacol. 1, 265–272 (1962).
Dimascio, A., G. Heninger, and G. L. Klerman: Psychopharmacology of imipramine and desipramine: A comparative study of their effects in normal males. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 5, 361–371 (1964).
Edwards, A. L.: Experimental design in psychological research. New York: Rinehart and Co. Inc. 1960.
Furgiuele, A. R., W. J. Kinnard, and J. P. Buckley: Central effects of B-phenylisoprophylhydrazine and iproniazid. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 137, 356–360 (1962).
Gilette, J. R., J. V. Dingell, F. Sulser, R. Kuntzman, and B. B. Brodie: Isolation from rat brain of a metabolic product, desmethylimipramine, that mediates the antidepressant activity of imipramine (Tofranil). Experientia (Basel) 17, 417–419 (1961).
Heise, G. A., and E. Boff: Behavioral determination of time and dose parameters of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 129, 155–162 (1960).
Irwin, S., M. Slabok, and G. Thomas: Individual differences. I. Correlation between control locomotor activity and sensitivity to stimulant and depressant drug. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 123, 206–211 (1958).
Jacobs, J., et G. Michaud: Actions de divers agents pharmacologiques sur les temps depuisement et le comportement de souris nageant a 20° C. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 133, 101–115 (1961).
Kay, H., and J. E. Birren: Swimming speed of the albino rat. J. Geront. 13, 378–385 (1958).
Kornetsky, C.: A comparison of the effects of desipramine and imipramine on two schedules of reinforcement. Int. J. Neuropharmacol. 4, 13–16 (1965).
-, J. Dawson, and E. Pelikan: Individual animal variation in the effects of pentobarbital and dextro-amphetamine (a comparison). In M. Finkel (ed.): Specific and Non-Specific Factors in Psychopharmacology, pp. 161–171. New York: Philosophical Library.
Lapin, I. P.: Comparison of imipramine and chlorpromazine effects on behavior of amphetamine-excited animals. In Z. Votava, M. Horvath and O. Vinar (Eds.): Psychopharmacological Methods, pp. 80–86. New York: The Macmillan Co. 1963.
Latz, A., C. Kornetsky, and G. Bain: The effects of d-amphetamine on discrete avoidance as a function of the pre-drug level of performance. Fed. Proc. 24, 197 (1965).
Otis, L., and J. Bosley: Animal behavior. In Drug Enhancement of Performance, pp. IV-5 IV–42. Menlo Park, California: Stanford Research Institute, 1960.
Randall, L. O., and R. E. Bagdon: Pharmacology of iproniazid and other amine oxidase inhibitors. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 80, 626–642 (1959).
Sigg, E. B.: The pharmacodynamics of imipramine. In J. H. Nodine and J. H. Moyer (Eds.): Psychomatic Medicine, pp. 671–678. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger 1962.
Smith, G. M., and H. K. Beecher: Amphetamine sulfate and athletic performance. I. Objective effects. J. Amer. med. Ass. 170, 542–557 (1959).
Stein, L.: New methods for evaluating stimulants and antidepressants. In J. H. Nodine and J. H. Moyer (eds.): Psychomatic Medicine, pp. 297–311. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger 1962.
Sulser, F., J. Watts, and B. B. Brodie: On the mechanism of antidepressant action of imipramine-like drugs. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 96, 279–286 (1962).
Wilberg, C. G., and J. B. Hunn: Swimming of albino mice. J. appl. Physiol. 15, 704–705 (1960).
Woods, P. J., E. H. Davidson, and R. J. Peters: Instrumental escape conditioning in a water tank: effects of variation in drive stimulus intensity and reinforcement magnitude. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 57, 466–470 (1964).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant PHS MH-03312.
Work done while senior author held a Postdoctoral Fellowship No. 2-F2-MH-16,931-02 from the USPHS and a Research Fellowship from the Medical Foundation, Inc. of Boston.
NIH Career Development Awardee GM-K3-1759.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Latz, A., Kornetsky, C., Bain, G. et al. Swimming perfomance of mice as affected by antidepressant drugs and baseline levels. Psychopharmacologia 10, 67–88 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401900
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401900