Abstract
The arrangements of cortical microtubules (MTs) and of cellulose microfibrils in the median longitudinal cryosections of the vegetative shoot apex of Vinca major L., were examined by immunofluorescence microscopy and polarizing microscopy, respectively. The arrangement of MTs was different in the various regions of the apex: the MTs tended to be arranged anticlinally in tunica cells, randomly in corpus cells, and transversely in cells of the rib meristem. However, in the inner layers of the tunica in the flank region of the apex, cells with periclinal, oblique or random arrangements of MTs were also observed. In leaf primordia, MTs were arranged anticlinally in cells of the superficial layers and almost randomly in the inner cells. Polarizing microscopy of cell walls showed that the arrangement of cellulose microfibrils was anticlinal in tunica cells, random in corpus cells, and transverse in cells of the rib meristem; thus, the patterns of arrangement of microfibrils were the same as those of MTs in the respective regions. These results indicate that the different patterns of arrangement of MTs and microfibrils result in specific patterns of expansion in the three regions. These differences may be necessary to maintain the organization of the tissues in the shoot apex.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- MT(s):
-
microtubule(s)
- lp:
-
length of the youngest leaf primordium
References
Derksen, J., Jeucken, G., Traas, J.A., Lammeren, A.A.M. Van (1986) The microtubular skeleton in differentiating root tips of Raphanus sativus L. Acta Bot. Neerl. 35, 223–231
Esau, K. (1965) Plant anatomy, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Foster, A.S. (1938) Structure and growth of the shoot apex in Ginkgo biloba. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 65, 531–556
Gifford, E.M., Jr., Corson, G.E., Jr. (1971) The shoot apex in seed plants. Bot. Rev. 37, 143–229
Green, P.B. (1969) Cell morphogenesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 20, 365–394
Green, P.B. (1980) Organogenesis — a biophysical view. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 31, 51–82
Green, P.B. (1984) Shifts in plant cell axiality: histogenetic influences on cellulose orientation in the succulent, Graptopetalum. Dev. Biol. 103, 18–27
Green, P.B. (1985) Surface of the shoot apex: a reinforcementfield theory for phyllotaxis. J. Cell Sci., Suppl. 2, 181–201
Green, P.B., Brooks, K.E. (1978) Stem formation from a succulent leaf: its bearing on theories of axiation. Am. J. Bot. 65, 13–26
Green, P.B., Lang, J.M. (1981) Toward a biophysical theory of organogenesis: birefringence observations on regenerating leaves in the succulent, Graptopetalum paraguayense E. Walther. Planta 151, 413–426
Gunning, B.E.S. (1981) Microtubules and cytomorphogenesis in a developing organ: the root primordium of Azolla pinnata. In: Cytomorphogenesis in plants (Cell Biol. Monogr. 8), pp. 301–325, Kiermayer, O., ed. Springer, Vienna (Austria) New York
Gunning, B.E.S., Hardham, A.R. (1982) Microtubules. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 33, 651–698
Hardham, A.R., Green, P.B., Lang, J.M. (1980) Reorganization of cortical microtubules and cellulose deposition during leaf formation in Graptopetalum paraguayense. Planta 149, 181–195
Hogetsu, T., Oshima, Y. (1986) Immunofluorescence microscopy of microtubule arrangement in root cells of Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska. Plant Cell Physiol. 27, 939–945
Hogetsu, T., Shibaoka, H. (1978) The change of pattern in microfibril arrangement on the inner surface of the cell wall of Closterium acerosum during cell growth. Planta 140, 7–14
Lang, J.M., Eisinger, W.R., Green, P.B. (1982) Effects of ethylene on the orientation of microtubules and cellulose microfibrils of pea epicotyl cells with polylamellate cell walls. Protoplasma 110, 5–14
Lang Selker, J.M., Green, P.B. (1984) Organogenesis in Graptopetalum paraguayense E. Walther: shifts in orientation of cortical microtubule arrays are associated with periclinal divisions. Planta 160, 289–297
Ledbetter, M.C., Porter, K.R. (1963) A “microtubule” in plant cell fine structure. J. Cell Biol. 19, 239–250
Lloyd, C.W., Slabas, A.R., Powell, A.J., MacDonald, G., Badley, R.A. (1979) Cytoplasmic microtubules of higher plant cells visualised with anti-tubulin antibodies. Nature 279, 239–241
Lyndon, R.F. (1982) Changes in polarity of growth during leaf initiation in the pea, Pisum sativum L. Ann. Bot. 49, 281–290
Mita, T., Shibaoka, H. (1984) Effects of root excision on swelling of leaf sheath cells and on the arrangement of cortical microtubules in onion seedlings. Plant Cell Physiol. 25, 1521–1529
Osborn, M., Weber, K. (1982) Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemical procedures with affinity purified antibodies: tubulin-containing structures. Methods Cell Biol. 24, 97–132
Preston, R.D. (1974) The physical biology of plant cell walls. Chapman & Hall, London
Roberts, I.N., Lloyd, C.W., Roberts, K. (1985) Ethylene-induced microtubule reorientations: mediation by helical arrays. Planta 164, 439–447
Schmidt, A. (1924) Histologische Studien an phanerogamen Vegetationspunkten. Bot. Arch. 8, 345–404
Schroeder, M., Wehland, J., Weber, K. (1985) Immunofluorescence microscopy of microtubules in plant cells; stabilization by dimethylsulfoxide. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 38, 211–218
Shibaoka, H. (1974) Involvement of wall microtubules in gibberellin promotion and kinetin inhibition of stem elongation. Plant Cell Physiol. 15, 255–263
Steen, D.A., Chadwick, A.V. (1981) Ethylene effects in pea stem tissue, evidence of microtubule mediation. Plant Physiol. 67, 460–466
Stewart, R.N. (1978) Ontogeny of the primary body in chimeral forms of higher plants. In: The clonal basis of development, pp. 131–160, Subtelny, S., Sussex, I.M., ed. Academic Press, New York
Takeda, K., Shibaoka, H. (1981) Changes in microfibril arrangement on the inner surface of the epidermal cell walls in the epicotyl of Vigna angularis Ohwi et Ohashi during cell growth. Planta 151, 385–392
Tiwari, S.C., Wick, S.M., Williamson, R.E., Gunning, B.E.S. (1984) Cytoskeleton and integration of cellular function in cells of higher plants. J. Cell Biol. 99, 63s-69s
Traas, J.A., Braat, P., Derksen, J.W. (1984) Changes in microtubule arrays during the differentiation of cortical root cells of Raphanus sativus. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 34, 229–238
Wick, S.M. (1985) Immunofluorescence microscopy of tubulin and microtubule arrays in plant cells. III. Transition between mitotic/cytokinetic and interphase microtubule arrays. Cell Biol. Int. Repts. 9, 357–371
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sakaguchi, S., Hogetsu, T. & Hara, N. Arrangement of cortical microtubules in the shoot apex of Vinca major L.. Planta 175, 403–411 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00396347
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00396347