Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime (CAZ) were studied in lactating (LTG) and non-lactating (NLTG) cows. Two groups (LTG and NLTG) of 5 healthy dairy cows were given ceftazidime (10 mg/ kg body weight) intravenously (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.). Serum and milk (LTG) and serum samples (NLTG) were collected over a 24-h period post-administration. CAZ concentrations in serum and milk were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and an interactive and weighted-non-linear least-squares regression analysis was used to perform the pharmacokinetic analysis. The pharmacokinetic profiles in LTG and NLTG cows which had received CAZ i.v. fitted a three-compartment model and a two-compartment model, respectively. The CAZ concentration-time curves in serum and the area under the curve were greater and more sustained (p<0.05) in the LTG cows by both routes, while the serum clearance (Cls=72.5±18.1 ml/h per kg) was lower (p<0.05) than that in the NLTG cows (Cls=185.9±44.2 ml/h per kg). CAZ given i.v. exhibited a relatively long half-life of elimination (t 1/2 β (LTG)=1.1±0.2 h; t 1/2 β (NLTG)=1.4±0.3 h). Compared with other cephalosporins, CAZ had good penetration into the mammary gland (47.7±38.2% for CAZ i.v.; 51.1±39.0% for CAZ i.m.). Finally, the bioavailability of CAZ (F(LTG)=98.9±36.8%; F(NLTG)=77.1±25.3%) was suitable for its use by the i.m. route in lactating and non-lactating cows.
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Abbreviations
- AIC:
-
Akaike information criterion
- AUC:
-
area under the curve
- b.w.:
-
body weight
- CAZ:
-
ceftazidime
- Cls :
-
total serum clearance
- C max :
-
peak serum concentration
- COM:
-
compartment open model
- i.m.:
-
intramuscular(ly)
- i.v.:
-
intravenous(ly)
- LTG:
-
lactating
- K :
-
rate constant
- 1:
-
central compartment
- 2:
-
peripheral compartment
- 3:
-
deep compartment
- NLTG:
-
nonlactating
- t max :
-
time of peak serum concentration
- t 1/2 :
-
half-life
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Rule, R., Quiroga, G.H., Rubio, M. et al. The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in lactating and non-lactating cows. Veterinary Research Communications 20, 543–550 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00396297
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00396297