Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A tracheid-differentiation factor from pine needles

  • Published:
Planta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Exogenous indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA), alone and together with several cytokinins, was ineffective in promoting the complete differentiation into tracheids of cambial derivatives of Pinus contorta Dougl.; IAA alone promoted cambial cell division and primary-wall growth in cambial derivatives throughout the stem's length. In contrast, a single pair of needles on a stem cutting in light promoted neither cambial cell division nor primary-wall growth in cambial derivatives but did promote complete differentiation of cambial cells into tracheids; tracheids differentiated only near the junction of the foliated short shoot with the stem. Clear inter-and intracellular differences in the extent of tracheid differentiation occurred in response to a single needle pair and have suggested the hypothesis that a specific tracheid-differentiation factor regulates the differentiation of cells into proto-, meta-, or secondary-xylem tracheary elements through an interaction with IAA.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

IAA:

indol-3yl acetic acid

K:

kinetin

BAP:

6-benzylaminopurine

Z:

zeatin

ZR:

zeatin riboside

FAA:

formalin: acetic acid: ethanol: water (10:5:50:35, by vol.)

References

  • Bergmann, L. (1964) Der Einfluß von Kinetin auf die Ligninbildung und Differenzierung in Gewebekulturen von Nicotiana tabacum. Planta 62, 221–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Berlyn, G.P. (1979) Physiological control of differentiation of xylem elements. Wood Fiber 11, 109–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaser, H.W., Marr, C., Takaheshi, D. (1967) Anatomy of borondeficient Thuja plicata. Am. J. Bot. 54, 1107–1113

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, Y.-P. (1954) Bark structure of North American conifer. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. NO. 1095

  • Dalessandro, G. (1973) Hormonal control of xylogenesis in pith parenchyma explants of Lactuca. Ann. Bot. 37, 375–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Denne, M.P. (1976) Effects of environmental change on wood production and wood structure in Picea sitchensis seedlings. Ann. Bot. 40, 1017–1028

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinwoodie, J.M., Richardson, S.D. (1961) Studies on the physiology of xylem development. Part I. Some effects of light intensity, day length, and provenance on wood density and tracheid length in Picea sitchensis. J Inst. Wood Sci. 7, 34–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukuda, H. Komamine, A. (1980) Establishment of an experimental system for the study of tracheary element differentiation from single cells isolated from the mesophyll of Zinnia elegans. Plant Physiol. 65, 57–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, M.A., Klein, K.M. (1979) Role of growth regulators in initiation of secondary xylem and phloem cells. Bot. Gaz. 140, 20–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, W.P. (1979) Plant hormones and plant development. Cambridge Univ. Press

  • Kubowicz, D.B. (1979) The possible relation between cytokinins and secondary xylem formation in Pinus silvestris. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 48, 295–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, P.R. (1962) Auxin gradients and the regulation of cambial activity. In: Tree grwoth, pp. 97–118. Kozlowski, T.T. ed., Ronald Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, P.R. (1964) Contribution of different-aged needles to growth and wood formation of young red pines. Forest Sci. 10, 224–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, P.R. (1980) Control of vascularisation by developing leaves. In: Control of shoot growth in trees, pp. 157–172, Little, C.H.A. ed. IUFRO Proc. July 20–24, 1980. Fredericton, N.B.

  • Little, C.H.A., Andrew, D.M., Silk, P.J., Strunz, G.M. (1979) Identification of cytokinins zeatin and zeatin riboside in Abies balsamea. Phytochemistry 18, 1219–1220

    Google Scholar 

  • Minocha, S.C., Halperin, W. (1974) Hormones and metabolites which control tracheid differentiation, with or without concomitant effects on growth in cultured tuber tissue of Helianthus tuberosus L. Planta 116, 319–331

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizuno, K., Komamine, A. (1978) Isolation and identification of substances inducing formation of tracheary elements in cultured carrot-root slices. Planta 138, 59–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Münch, E. (1938) Untersuchungen über die Harmonie der Baumgestalt. Jb. Wiss. Bot. 66, 581–673. (Engl. transln. from Translation Center, John Crerar Library, 35 West 33rd St., Chicago, III. 60616)

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Brien, T.P., Feder, N., McCully, M.E. (1964) Polychromatic staining of plant cell walls by toludine blue O. Protoplasma 59, 367–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Onaka, F. (1950) The effects of such treatments as defoliation, disbudding, girdling, and screening of light on growth and especially on radial growth of evergreen conifers. Transl. by Can. Bur. Transln., of Bull. 18, Kyoto Univ. Forests (English translation available from Biology Library, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, U.K. SY23 3DA)

  • Panshin, A.J., de Zeeuw, C. (1970) Textbook of wood technology, 3rd edn, vol. I. McGraw-Hill, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Savidge, R.A. (1981) Regulation of seasonal cambial activity and tracheid differentiation in Pinus contorta Dougl. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Coll. Wales, Aberystwyth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savidge, R.A., Wareing, P.F. (1981) Plant-growth regulators and the differentiation of vascular elements. In: J.R. Barnett, ed., Xylem cell development. Castle House Publ.

  • Shininger, T.L. (1979) The control of vascular development Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 30, 313–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.J. (1974) Light intensity and substrate availability in relation to tracheid development in Picea sitchensis. Ann. Bot. 38, 347–358

    Google Scholar 

  • Torrey, J.G. (1968) Hormonal control of cytodifferentiation in agar and cell suspension cultures. In: Biochemistry and physiology of plant growth substances, pp. 843–855. Wightman, F., Setterfield, G., eds. Runge Press, Ottawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsivion, Y. (1978) Possible role of cytokinins in non-specific recognition of a host and in early growth of haustoria in the parasitic plant, Cuscuta campestris. Bot. Gaz. 139, 37–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Wareing, P.F., Hanney, C.E., Digby, J. (1964) The role of endogenous hormones in cambial activity and xylem differentiation. In: Formation of wood in forest trees, pp. 323–344. Zimmermann, H., ed. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, B.F., Wodzicki, T.J., Zahner, R. (1966) Differentiation of cambial derivatives: proposed terminology. Forest Sci. 12, 438–440

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, SY23 3DA, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, U.K.

    R. A. Savidge & P. F. Wareing

Authors
  1. R. A. Savidge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. F. Wareing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Savidge, R.A., Wareing, P.F. A tracheid-differentiation factor from pine needles. Planta 153, 395–404 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394977

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394977

Key words

Search

Navigation