Skip to main content
Log in

Cell-free synthesis of phytochrome apoprotein

  • Published:
Planta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A single polypeptide is immunospecifically precipitated by monospecific antiphytochrome from the total translation products of both wheat-germ and rabbit-reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesizing systems programmed with oat (Avena sativa L.) poly(A) RNA. The mobility of this polypeptide is slightly lower on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of immunoaffinity-purified, 118 kdalton phytochrome and corresponds to an apparent molecular weight of 124 kdalton. Evidence against the possibility that this mobility difference results from intracellular processing of the 124-kdalton protein is provided by extraction of freeze-dried tissue directly into boiling SDS-containing buffer. This procedure yields a phytochrome species with a mobility on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indistinguishable from that of the in-vitro translation product. Together the data indicate that the phytochrome polypeptide is synthesized in its mature form in the cell but is subject to modification to a form with lower apparent molecular weight during immunopurification.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

PAGE:

polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

SDS:

sodium dodecyl sulfate

References

  • Bantle, J.A., Maxwell, I.H., Hahn, W.E. (1976) Specificity of oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography in the isolation of polyadenylated RNA. Anal. Biochem. 72, 413–427

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn, P. (1979) Ribonuclease inhibitor from human placenta: rapid purification and assay. J. Biol. Chem. 254, 12484–12487

    Google Scholar 

  • Blobel, G. (1980) Intracellular protein topogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 1496–1500

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, G.W., Quail, P.H. (1981) Cell free synthesis of Avena phytochrome. (Abstr.) Plant Physiol. 67, Suppl., 130

    Google Scholar 

  • Heijne, G. von (1980) Trans-membrane translocation of proteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 103, 431–438

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, R.E., Pratt, L.H. (1979) Phytochrome immunoaffinity purification. Plant Physiol. 64, 332–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, R.E., Pratt, L.H. (1980) Partial characterization of undegraded oat phytochrome. Biochemistry 19, 390–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivarie, R.D., Jones, P.P. (1979) A rapid sensitive assay for specific protein translations: use of Staphylococcus aureus as an adsorbent for immune complexes. Anal. Biochem. 97, 24–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, S.W. (1975) Rapid isolation of antigens from cells with a Staphylococcal protein A-antibody adsorbent: parameters of the interaction of antibody-antigen complexes with protein A. J. Immunol. 115, 1617–1624

    Google Scholar 

  • Laemmli, U.K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (London) 227, 680–685

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagarias, J.C., Rappaport, H. (1980) Chromopeptides from phytochrome. The structure and linkage of the Pr form of the phytochrome chromophore. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 4821–4828

    Google Scholar 

  • Laskey, R.A. (1980) The use of intensifying screens or organic scintillators for visualizing radioactive molecules resolved by gel electrophoresis. Methods Enzymol. 65, 363–371

    Google Scholar 

  • Lizardi, P.M. (1980) Isolation of giant silk fibroin polysomes and fibroin mRNP particles using a novel ribonuclease inhibitor, hydroxystilbamidine. J. Cell Biol. 87, 292–296

    Google Scholar 

  • Lizardi, P.M., Engelberg, A. (1979) Rapid isolation of RNA using proteinase K and sodium perchlorate. Anal. Biochem. 98, 116–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcu, K., Dudock, D. (1974) Characterization of highly efficient protein synthesizing system derived from commercial wheat germ. Nucl. Acids Res. 1, 1385–1397

    Google Scholar 

  • McLeester, R.C., Hall, T.C. (1977) Simplification of amino acid incorporation and other assays using filter paper techniques. Anal. Biochem. 79, 627–630

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr, H. (1972) Lectures on photomorphogenesis. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, H.R.B., Jackson, R.J. (1976) An efficient mRNA-dependent translation system from reticulocyte lysates. Eur. J. Biochem. 67, 247–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, L.H. (1979) Phytochrome: function and properties. Photochem. Photobiol. Rev. 4, 59–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, L.H. (1980) Phytochrome pelletability induced by irradiation in vivo. Test for in vitro binding of added [35S]phytochrome. Plant Physiol. 66, 903–907

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, L.H. (1982) Phytochrome: the protein moeity. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 33, 557–582

    Google Scholar 

  • Quail, P.H., Briggs, W.R. (1979) Immunoaffinity purification of phytochrome. Carnegie Inst. Washington Yearb. 78, 126–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice, H.V., Briggs, W.R., Jackson-White, C.J. (1973) Purification of oat and rye phytochrome. Plant Physiol. 51, 917–926

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabatini, D.D., Kreibich, G., Morimoto, T., Adesnik, M. (1982) Mechanisms for the incorporation of proteins in membranes and organelles. J. Cell Biol. 92, 1–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheele, S., Blackburn, P. (1979) Role of mammalian RNase inhibitor in cell-free protein synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 4898–4902

    Google Scholar 

  • Shields, D., Blobel, G. (1978) Efficient cleavage and segregation of nascent presecretory proteins in a reticulocyte lysate supplemented with microsomal membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 3753–3756

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H. (1975) Phytochrome and photomorphogenesis. McGraw-Hill, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Vierstra, R.D., Quail, P.H. (1982) Native phytochrome: inhibition of proteolysis yields a homogeneous monomer of 124 kdalton from Avena. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (in press)

  • Wickner, W. (1979) The assembly of proteins into biological membranes: the membrane trigger hypothesis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 48, 23–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Zurfluh, L.L., Guilfoyle, T.J. (1982) Auxin-induced changes in the population of translatable messenger RNA in elongating sections of soybean hypocotyl. Plant Physiol. 69, 332–337

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bolton, G.W., Quail, P.H. Cell-free synthesis of phytochrome apoprotein. Planta 155, 212–217 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00392718

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00392718

Key words

Navigation