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Immunotherapy of human leukemia with antibody to pluripotential K-562 stem cells

  • Original Papers
  • Clinical Oncology or Epidemiology
  • Published:
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Gamma (γ) globulin was fractionated from the serum of a goat immunized with the pluripotential leukemia cell line K-562. The lyophilized γ-globulin preparation, termed leukoglobulin, contained about 50% immune IgG and suppressed the proliferation of heterotransplanted leukemia and lymphoma cells of human origin. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the potential therapeutic value of leukoglobulin and to determine its toxicity in humans with terminal leukemia and patients whose disease was unresponsive to current therapy. Two patients with CML, one with AMML, four with All, and one with AML were treated once a week for up to 5 weeks with leukoglobulin intravenously at doses ranging from 2 to 29 mg/kg. Leukoglobulin was well tolerated with minimal adverse effects and produced an initial mobilization of blasts from the bone marrow, spleen, and other organs with a parallel increase in the number of blasts in the systemic circulation. Subsequent injections of leukoglobulin led to a sharp decrease and the eventual eradication of blasts from the peripheral blood and bone marrow. Except in patients with CML, immature cells other than blasts also markedly diminished. The results of the clinical trials indicated a synergism with or potentiation of most chemotherapeutic agents used. Two possible uses for a combination of leukoglobulin and antileukemic drugs are indicated by the results were report here; drug-antibody synergism for cases showing no response to chemotherapy alone or leukoglobulin given immediately after chemotherapy is administered to eliminate residual leukemia cells. Alternatively, leukoglobulin can be given as a single therapeutic agent during the induction or maintenance phases of treatment to patients with leukemia resistant to other therapeutic combinations.

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Abbreviations

CML:

chronic myelogenous leukemia

AMML:

acute myelomonocytic leukemia

ALL:

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AML:

acute myclogenous leukemia

LAA:

leukemia-associated antigens

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD:

immunoglobulins G, A, M, and D

i.v.:

intravenous

BUN:

blood urea nitrogen

BUS:

busulfan

6-MP:

6-mercaptopurine

VCR:

vincristine

DNM:

daunomycin

PRED:

prednisone

MTX:

methotrexate (amethopterin)

CPM:

cyclophosphamide

CIC:

cerebral intermittent claudication

PBS:

phosphate-buffered saline

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Hematologia e Immunoterapia, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    J. Izquierdo & E. R. Robbio

  2. Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and Oncology, The University of Tennessee College of Medicine, 37920, Knoxville, TN, USA

    B. B. Lozzio

  3. Hematology and Oncology Consultation Service, The University of Tennessee College of Medicine, 37920, Knoxville, TN, USA

    W. Hanna

  4. Department of Medical Biology/Memorial Research Center, Center for the Health Sciences, 37920, Knoxville, TN, USA

    W. Hanna

Authors
  1. J. Izquierdo
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  2. E. R. Robbio
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  3. B. B. Lozzio
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  4. W. Hanna
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Additional information

These clinical trials were supported in part by the Fundación Roux-Ocefa, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The basic research was supported by Grants 18185 and 17533 awarded by the National Cancer Institute, DHHS, USA. The clinical trials have been approved by the Argentina Public Health Service (No. 22020000052098778/3) and by the University of Tennessee (CRP No. 878 and IRB No. 1445) National Cancer Institute Number 678, DHHS, USA Comp. of Tumor Immunotherapy Protocols 7:77, 1979

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Izquierdo, J., Robbio, E.R., Lozzio, B.B. et al. Immunotherapy of human leukemia with antibody to pluripotential K-562 stem cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 105, 83–93 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391837

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391837

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