Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Distribution, structure and importance of the cephalic dorsal hump, a new sensory organ in calanoid copepods

  • Published:
Marine Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The occurrence, external morphology and internal ultrastructure of a cephalic integumental organ in calanoid copepods were studied, using the specimens from the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. This organ is located on the dorsoanterior surface of the cephalosome, and a name, cephalic dorsal hump (CDH) is proposed. Externally, it usually has two pores, anterior and apical, a dorsal plate, and a thin cuticle along the sides. CDH is found only in the male of Calanidae, Megacalanidae, Mecynoceridae and Paracalanidae, and showed some variation between species or species groups both in size and shape. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the specimens from Sagami Bay, Central Japan, revealed that the CDH of Paracalanus parvus and Calanus sinicus consists of two dermal glands and a receptor, which is assumed to be chemosensory. A comparison of the distributions of CDH and prehensile fifth legs of male calanoid copepods suggests that it plays an important role in mate recognition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature cited

  • Ache, B. W. (1982). Chemoreception and thermoreception. In: Atwood, H. L., Sanderman, D. C. (eds.) The biology of Crustacea. Vol. 3. Neurobiology: structure and function. Academic Press, New York, p. 369–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Altner, H., Prillinger, L. (1980). Ultrastructure of invertebrate chemo-, thermo-, and hygroreceptors and its functional significance. Int. Rev. Cytol. 67: 139–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Andronov, V. N. (1970). Some problems of taxonomy of the family Paracalanidae (Copepoda). Zool. Zh. 49: 980–985 (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Andronov, V. N (1972). Some new species of the genus Parvocalanus (Copepoda, Paracalanidae). Zool. Zh. 51: 139–141 (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Andronov, V. N. (1973). Taxonomic status of Mecynacera clausi (Copepoda, Calanoida). Zool. Zh. 52: 1719–1721 (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Andronov, V. N. (1974). Phylogenetic relations of large taxa within the suborder Calanoida (Crustacea, Copepoda). Zool. Zh. 53: 1002–1012 (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blades, P. I., Youngbluth, M. J. (1980). Morphological, physiological and behavioral aspects of mating in calanoid copepods. In: Kerfoot, W. C. (ed.) Evolution and ecology of zooplankton communities. University Press of New England, Hanover, p. 39–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, T. E. (1971). The distribution of calanoid copepods off the southeastern United States between Cape Hatteras and southern Florida. Smithson. Contr. Zool. 96: 1–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, J. M. (1970). Records of pelagic copepods off Kaikoura, New Zealand. N. Z. J.mar. Feshwat. Res. 4: 351–363

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, J. M. (1978). Paracalanus indicus Wolfenden and Corycaeus aucklandicus Kraemer, two neritic pelagic copepods from New Zealand. J. Roy. Soc. N. Z. 8: 133–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradferd, J. M., Jillet, J. B. (1974). A revision of generic definitions in the Calanidae (Copepoda, Calanoida). Crustaceana 27: 5–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, R. P. (1978). Structure of the integument in Paranthessius anemoniae Claus, a copepod associate of the snakelocks anemone Anemonia sulcata (Pennant). J. Morphol. 156: 293–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodsky, K. A. (1972). Phylogeny of the family Calanidae (Copepoda) on the basis of a comparative morphological analysis of its characters. In: Zvereva, Zh. A. (ed.) Geographical and seasonal variability of marine plankton. Exploration of marine Fauna XII (XX). Academy of Sciences of USSR. Leningrad, p. 1–227 [Translated from Russian by Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem 1975]

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodsky, K. A., Vishkvartseva, N. V., Kos, M. S., Marhaseva, E. L. (1983). Copepod crustaceans in the seas of the USSR and adjacent waters. Vol. 1. Nauka, Leningrad (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dudley, P. (1972). The fine structure of a cephalic sensory receptor in the copepod Doropygus seclusus Illg (Crustacea: Copepoda: Notodelphyidae). J. Morphol. 138: 407–432

    Google Scholar 

  • Elofsson, R. (1971). The ultrastructure of a chemoreceptor orga in the head of copepod crustaceans. Acta Zool., Stockh. 52: 299–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleminger, A. (1973). Pattern, number, variability and taxonomic significance of integumental organs (sensilla and glandular pores) in the genus Eucalanus (Copepoda, Calanoida). Fish. Bull. U. S. 71: 965–1010

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleminger, A. (1985). Dimorphism and possible sex change in copepods of the family Calanidae. Mar. Biol. 88: 273–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredman, M. M. (1980). Comparative morphology and functional significance of copepod receptors and oral structures. In: Kerfoot, W. C. (ed.) Evolution and ecology of zooplankton communities. University Press of New England, Hanover, p. 185–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. M., Strickler,J. R. (1975). Chemoreception and feeding in calanoid copepods.Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72: 4185–4188

    Google Scholar 

  • Gharagozlou-van Ginneken, I. D. (1977). Contribution a l'etude infrastructurale des glandes labrales de quelques Harpacticoides (Crustaces Copepodes). Archs Biol, Paris 88: 79–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Gharagozlou-van Ginneken, I. D. (1979). Etude ultrastructurale et cytochimique de l'activitie temporaire des glandes tegumentaires d'un Crustace Copepods.Annls. Sci. nat. Zool. 13, ser. 1: 205–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghiradella, H., Case, J. F., Cronshaw, J. (1968). Fine structure of the aesthetasc hairs of Coenobita compressus Edwards. J. Morphol. 124: 361–386

    Google Scholar 

  • Giesbrecht, W. (1892). Systematik und Faunistik der pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-abschnitte. Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel 19: 1–831

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, C. W. (1985). The response of a restrained copepod to tactile stimulation. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 21: 121–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, C. W. (1986). Suspected mechano- and chemosensory structures of Temora longicornis (Copepoda: Calanoida). Mar. Biol. 93: 449–457

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, C. W., Crisp, D. J. (1985). Sensitivity of intact and antennule ampulated copepods to water disturbance. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 21: 221–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Gnatzy, W. (1984). “Campaniform” structures on lobster anatennule are dermal glands. Cell Tissue Res. 236: 729–731

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, J. G., Bowman, T. E. (1965). Planktonic copepods from Bahia Fosforescente, Puerto Rico, and adjacent waters. Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. 117: 241–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Gotto, R. V., Holmes, J. M. C., Lowther, R. P. (1984). Description of the adult male Mycophylus roseus Hesse (Copepoda: Cyclopoida): a copepod with remarkable sensory equipment. Ir. Nat. J. 21: 305–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Gotto, R. V., Threadgold, L. T. (1980). Observations and speculations on the alate processes of the ascidicolous copepod Notopterophorus papilio (Cyclopoida: Notodelphydae). J. Zool., Lond. 190: 337–363

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, J. G. (1976). Calanoid copepods of Moreton Bay (Queensland). I. Families Calanidae, Eucalanidae, and Paracalanidae. Proc. R. Soc. Queensl. 87: 1–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, A. M. Frost B. W. (1976). Chemical communication in the marine planktonic copepods Calanus pacificus and Pseudocalanus sp. Crustaceana 30: 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurney, R. (1927). Copepoda and Cladocera of the plankton. Zoological results of the Cambridge Expedition to the Suez Canal, 1924. Trans. zool. Soc. London 22: 139–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, L. L., Coker, R. E. (1930). Observations on mating habits of Cyclops. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 45: 206–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Hipeau-Jacquotte, R. (1987). A new cephalic type of presumed sense organ with naked dendritic ends in the atypical male of the parasitic copepod Pachypygus gibber (Crustacea). Cell Tissue Res. 245: 29–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Hipeau-Jacquotte, R. (1987). Ultrastructure and presumed function of the pleural dermal gland in the atypical male of the parasitic copepod Pachypygus gibber (Crustacea: Notodelphydae). J. crust. Biol. 7: 60–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacoby, C. A., Youngbluth, M. J. (1983). Mating behavior in three species of Pseudodiaptomus (Copepoda: Calanoida). Mar. Biol. 76: 77–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Katona, S. K. (1973). Evidence for sex pheromones in planktonic copepods. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 574–583

    Google Scholar 

  • Katona, S. K. (1975). Copulation in the copepod Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880). Crustaceana 28: 89–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Landry, M. R. (1980). Detection of prey by Calanus pacificus: implications of the 1st antennae. Limnol. Oceanogr. 25: 545–549

    Google Scholar 

  • Laverack, M. S. (1968). On the receptors of marine invertebrates. Oceanogr. mar. Biol. A. Rev. 6: 249–324

    Google Scholar 

  • Laverack, M. S. (1988). The diversity of chemoreceptors. In: Atema, J., Fay, R. R., Popper, A. N., Tavolga, W. N. (eds.) Sensory biology of aquatic animals. Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 287–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Laverack, M. S., Barrientos, Y. (1985). Sensory and other superficial structures in living marine Crustacea. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 76: 123–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, S. M., Orr, A. P. (1955). The biology of a marine copepod: Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus). Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

  • Mauchline, J. (1977). The integumental sensilla and glands of pelagic Crustacea. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 55: 973–994

    Google Scholar 

  • Mauchline, J. (1988). Taxonomic value of pore pattern in the integument of calanoid copepods (Crustacea). J. Zool., Lond. 214: 697–749

    Google Scholar 

  • McIver, S. B. (1975). Structure of cuticular mechanoreceptors of arthropods. A. Rev. Entomol. 20: 381–397

    Google Scholar 

  • Mori, T. (1937). The pelagic copepods from the neighbouring waters of Japan. Yōkendō, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishida, S. (1986). Structure and function of the cephalosome-flap organ in the family Oithonidae (Copepoda, Cyclopoida). Syllogeus 58: 385–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Noirot, C., Quennedey, A. (1974). Fine structure of insect epidermal glands. A. Rev. Entomol. 19: 61–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Ong, J. E. (1969). The fine structure of the mandibular sensory receptors in the brackish water calanoid copepod Gradioferens pectinatus. Z. Zellforsch. mikrosk. Anat. 97: 178–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Sars, G. O. (1903). Copepoda Calanoida. Calanidae, Eucalanidae, Paracalanidae, Pseudocalanidae, Aetideidae (part). Acc. Crustacea Norw. 4: 1–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Sato, T. (1913). Pelagic copepods. I. Bull. Hokkaido Fish. Exp. St. 1: 1–79 (In Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickler, J. R., Bal, A. K. (1973). Setae of the 1st antennae of the copepod Cyclops scutifer: their structure and importance. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70 2656–2659

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, O. (1954). Note on Calanus tonsus Brady in Japanese waters. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan. 10: 1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, O. (1956). The pelagic copepods of the Izu region, middle Japan. Systematic account II. Families Paracalanidae and Pseudocalanidae. Publ. Seto mar. biol. Lab. 3: 367–406

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, O. (1960). Pelagic copepoda. Spec. Publs Seto mar. biol. Lab., Biol. Results Jap. Antarct. Res. Exped. 10: 1–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Uchima, M., Murano, M. (1988). Mating behavior of the marine copepod Oithona davisae. Mar. Biol. 99: 39–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaupel-Klein, J. C. von (1982). Structure of integumental perforations in the Euchirella messinensis female (Crustacea, Copepoda, Calanoida). Neth. J. Zool. 32: 374–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Vervoort, W. (1951). Plankton copepods from the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Verh. Afd. Nat. (Tweede Sect.). 47: 1–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellershaus, S. (1969). On the taxonomy of planktonic Copepoda Backwater (a South Indian Estuary). Veroff. Inst. Meeresforsch. Bremerh. 11: 245–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, Z., Li, S., Li, S., Cheng, B. (1982). Marine pelagic copepods in China. Vol. 2. Shanghai Science and Technology Pub. Co., Shanghai (In Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano-ku, 164, Tokyo, Japan

    S. Nishida

Authors
  1. S. Nishida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Communicated by M. Anraku, Tokyo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nishida, S. Distribution, structure and importance of the cephalic dorsal hump, a new sensory organ in calanoid copepods. Mar. Biol. 101, 173–185 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391456

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391456

Keywords

Search

Navigation