Abstract
Living maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile cells were observed using a horizontal microscope to determine the interaction between cytoplasmic streaming and gravity-induced amyloplast sedimentation. Sedimentation is heavily influenced by streaming which may (1) hasten or slow the velocity of amyloplast movement and (2) displace the plastid laterally or even upwards before or after sedimentation. Amyloplasts may move through transvacuolar strands or through the peripheral cytoplasm which may be divided into fine cytoplasmic strands of much smaller diameter than the plastids. The results indicate that streaming may contribute to the dynamics of graviperception by influencing amyloplast movement.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen, R.D., Allen, N.S. (1983) Video-enhanced microscopy with a computer frame memory. J. Microscopy 129, 3–17
Audus, L.J. (1979) Plant geosensors. J. Exp. Bot. 30, 1051–1074
Clifford, P.E., Barclay, G.F. (1980) The sedimentation of amyloplasts in living statocytes of the dandelion flower stalk. Plant Cell Environ. 3, 381–386
Clifford, P.E., Fensom, D.S., Munt, B.I., McDowell, W.D. (1982) Lateral stress initiates bending responses in dandelion peduncles: a clue to geotropism? Can. J. Bot. 60, 2671–2673
Gaynor, J.J., Galston, A.W. (1982) Isolated statocytes from etiolated pea epicotyls: a model system for the study of graviperception at a cellular level. (Abstr.) Physiologist 25, 232
Haberlandt, G. (1900) Über die Perception des geotropischen Reizes. Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. 18, 261–272
Hawker, L.E. (1932) A quantitative study of the geotropism of seedlings with special reference to the nature and development of their statolith apparatus. Ann. Bot. 46, 121–157
Heathcote, D.G. (1981) The geotropic reaction and statolith movements following geostimulation of mung bean hypocotyls. Plant Cell Environ. 4, 131–140
Heilbronn, A.L. (1914) Zustand des Plasmas und Reizbarkeit. Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 54, 355–390
Hejnowicz, Z., Sievers, A. (1981) Regulation of the position of statoliths in Chara rhizoids. Protoplasma 108, 117–137
Hertel, R., de la Fuente, R.K., Leopold, A.C. (1969) Geotropism and the lateral transport of auxin in the corn mutant amylomaize. Planta 88, 204–214
Hestnes, A., Iversen, T.-H. (1978) Movement of cell organelles and the geotropic curvature in roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Physiol. Plant. 42, 406–414
Iversen, T.-H., Rommelhoff, A. (1978) The starch statolith hypothesis and the interaction of amyloplasts and endoplasmic reticulum in root geotropism. J. Exp. Bot. 29, 1319–1328
Johnsson, A., Rengman, K., Grahm, L. (1971) Investigations of the geotropic curvature of the Avena coleoptile. II. The presentation time as a function of distance from apex. Physiol. Plant. 25, 43–47
Kamiya, N. (1959) Protoplasmic streaming. Protoplasmatologia, vol. 8, pt. 3a. Springer, Wien, New York
Kessler, J.O. (1979) Gravity sensing, polar transport and cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells. (Abstr.) Physiologist 22, Suppl., S47–8
Larsen, P. (1965) Geotropic responses in roots as influenced by their orientation before and after stimulation. Physiol. Plant. 18, 747–765
Perbal, G. (1974) Etude d'un modèle de statocyte, établi à p[artir de l'examen des cellules axiales centrales de la coiffe du Lens culinaris L. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. D 278, 2783–2786
Perbal, G., Perbal, P. (1976) La perception géotropique dans la coiffe des racines de Lentille. Physiol. Plant. 37, 42–48
Sack, F.D., Suyemoto, M.M., Leopold, A.C. (1984) Kinetics of amyloplast sedimentation in gravistimulated maize-coleoptiles. Planta 161, 459–464
Shen-Miller, J., Miller, C. (1972) Distribution and activation of the golgi apparatus in geotropism. Plant Physiol. 49, 634–639
Weber, G., Weber, F. (1917) Wirkung der Schwerkraft auf die Plasmaviskosität. Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 57, 129–188
Zollikofer, C. (1918) Über die Wirkung der Schwerkraft auf die Plasmaviskosität. Beitr. Allg. Bot. 1, 449–500
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sack, F.D., Leopold, A.C. Cytoplasmic streaming affects gravity-induced amyloplast sedimentation in maize coleoptiles. Planta 164, 56–62 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391025
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391025