Summary
Free space invertase activities were determined in carrot callus strains CRT1 and CRT2 grown under conditions in which sucrose suppression of chlorophyll synthesis occurred in CRT1 but not CRT2. CRT2 possessed a high free space acid invertase activity (pH optimum 5.0 Km for sucrose 3.1×10-3M) while CRT1 lacked this enzyme. [U-14C] sucrose introduced into the free space of calluses was rapidly inverted by CRT2, but not by CRT1.
Despite their different invertase levels, CRT1 and CRT2 showed similar sucrose uptake rates and took up [U-14C-glucosyl] sucrose and [5-T-glucosyl] sucrose from external bathing media essentially without prior inversion.
It is concluded that acid invertase in callus tissue relieves the suppression of chlorophyll synthesis caused by sucrose in the free space. The invertase may in some circumstances hydrolyse sucrose before uptake, but is not an essential part of the sucrose uptake mechanism in carrot tissue cultures.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bacon, J. S. D.: Quelques speculations sur le rôle de l'invertase dans les tissus végétaux. Bull. Soc. franç. Physiol. Vég. 10, 136–144 (1964).
Bieleski, R. L.: The physiology of sugar-cane. III. Characteristics of sugar uptake in slices of mature and immature storage tissue. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 13, 203–220 (1960).
—: The physiology of sugar-cane. V. Kinetics of sugar accumulation. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 15, 429–444 (1962).
Edelman, J.: Transfer reactions catalysed by some sucrase preparations. Biochem. J. 57, 22–33 (1954).
—, Hall, M. A.: Enzyme formation in higher plant tissues. Biochem. J. 95, 403–410 (1965).
—, Hanson, A. D.: Sucrose suppression of chlorophyll synthesis in carrot tissue cultures. Planta (Berl.) 98, 150–156 (1971).
Gautheret, R. J.: The nutrition of plant tissue cultures. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 6, 433–484 (1955).
Glasziou, K. T.: Accumulation and transformation of sugars in sugar cane stalks. Plant. Physiol. 35, 895–901 (1960).
Hanson, A. D., Edelman, J.: Phloem in carrot calluses. Planta (Berl.) 93, 171–174 (1970).
——: Secretion of photosynthetic products by carrot tissue cultures. Planta (Berl.) 98, 97–108 (1971).
Hardy, P. J., Norton, G.: Sugar absorption and compartmentation in potato tuber slices. New Phytologist, 67, 139–143 (1968).
Hawker, J. S., Hatch, M. D.: Mechanism of sugar storage by mature stem tissue of sugar cane. Physiol. Plantarum (Cph.) 18, 444–453 (1965).
Humphries, T. E., Garrard, L. A.: The storage of exogenous sucrose by corn scutellum slices. Phytochem. 7, 701–713 (1968).
Jeffs, R. A., Northcote, D. H.: Experimental induction of vascular tissue in an undifferentiated plant callus. Biochem. J. 101, 146–152 (1966).
——: The influence of indol-3yl acetic acid and sugar on the pattern of induced differentiation in plant tissue culture. J. Cell Sci. 2, 77–88 (1967).
Johnson, H. S., Hatch, M. D.: The C4-dicarboxylic acid pathway of photosynthesis. Identification of intermediates and products and quantitative evidence for the route of carbon flow. Biochem. J. 114, 127–134 (1969).
Kreidmann, P., Beevers, H.: Sugar uptake and translocation in the castor bean seedling. II. Sugar transformations during uptake. Plant Physiol. 42, 174–180 (1967).
Nelson, N.: A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J. biol. Chem. 153, 375–380 (1944).
Porter, H. K., May, L. H.: Metabolism of radioactive sugars by tobacco leaf discs. J. exp. Bot. 6, 43–63 (1955).
Ricardo, C. P. P.: Ph. D. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1968.
—, ApRees, T.: Invertase activity during the development of carrot roots. Phytochem. 9, 239–247 (1970).
Sacher, J. A.: The regulation of sugar uptake and accumulation in bean pod tissue. Plant Physiol. 44, 181–189 (1966).
—, Hatch, M. D., Glasziou, K. T.: Sugar accumulation cycle in sugar cane. III. Physical and metabolic aspects of cycle in immature storage tissues. Plant Physiol. 38, 348–354 (1963).
Somogyi, M.: Notes on sugar determination. J. biol. Chem. 195, 19–23 (1952).
Straus, J.: Invertase in cell walls of plant tissue cultures. Plant Physiol. 37, 342–348 (1962).
Weatherly, P. E.: On the uptake and hydrolysis of sucrose by leaf tissues. New Phytologist 52, 76–79 (1953).
Wetmore, R. H., Rier, J. P.: Experimental induction of vascular tissue in callus of Angiosperms. Amer. J. Bot. 50, 418–430 (1963).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Edelman, J., Hanson, A.D. Sucrose suppression of chlorophyll synthesis in carrot tissue cultures: The role of invertase. Planta 101, 122–132 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00387623
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00387623