Abstract
Transposed-temperature-drop calorimetry, using a Setaram HT 1500 calorimeter, was used to study directly the melting at 1773 K of mixtures of crystalline albite, anorthite, and diopside and of anorthite and forsterite. The enthalpy of albite at 1000–1773 K, starting with both crystalline and glassy samples, was also measured. The results confirm previously measured enthalpies of fusion of albite, diopside and anorthite (Stebbins et al. 1982, 1983; Richet and Bottinga 1984,1986). The new results use thermochemical cycles which completely avoid the glassy state by transforming crystals directly to melts. The enthalpy of fusion of forsterite is estimated to be 89±12 kJ/mol at 1773 K and 114±20 kJ/mol at its melting point of 2163 K. The data allow semiquantitative evaluation of heats of mixing in the molten silicates. Along the Ab-An join, enthalpies of mixing in the liquid at 773 K are the same or somewhat more negative than those in the glass at 986 K, whereas along Ab-Di and An-Di, enthalpies of mixing in the liquid are distinctly more positive than in the glass. These differences correlate with excess heat capacities in the liquids suggested by Stebbins et al. (1984).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Apps JA, Niel JM (1978) Selected albites as candidates for hydrothermal solubility measurements. In: Fundamental geoscience program report, 1977, LBL-7058. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, pp 10–13
Berman RG, Brown TH (1987) Development of models for multicomponent melts: analysis of synthetic systems. Rev Mineral 17:405–442
Bottinga Y, Richet P (1978) Thermodynamics of liquid silicates, a preliminary report. Earth Planet, Sci Lett 40:382–400
Fraser DG, Bottinga Y (1985) The properties of melts and glasses in the system NaAlSi3O8-KalSi3O8: comparison of experimental data obtained by Knudsen-cell mass spectroscopy and solution calorimetry. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49:1377–1381
Ghiorso MS (1987) Modeling magmatic systems: thermodynamic relations. Rev Mineral 17:443–466
Ghiorso MS, Carmichael ISE (1980) A regular solution model for met-aluminous silicate liquids: applications to geothermometry, immiscibility, and the source regions of basic magmas. Contrib Mineral Petrol 71:323–342
Ghiorso MS, Carmichael ISE (1987) Modeling magmatic systems: petrologic applications. Rev. Mineral 17:467–499
Henry DJ, Navrotsky A, Zimmermann HD (1982) Thermodynamics of plagioclase-melt equilibria in the system albite-anorthitediopside. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46:381–391
Henry DJ, Mackinnon IDR, Chan I, Navrotsky A (1983) Subliquidus glass-glass immiscibility along the albite-diopside join. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47:277–282
Hon R, Henry DJ, Navrotsky A, Weill DF (1981) A thermochemical calculation of the pyroxene saturation surface in the system diopside-albite-anorthite. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:157–161
Kelley KK (1960) Contributions to the data on theoretical metallurgy XIII. High Temperature heat-capacity, and entropy data for the elements and inorganic compounds. US Bur Mines Bull 584, pp 232
Mah A (1960) Thermodynamic properties of manganese and its compounds. US Bur Mines Rept Inv 5600:1–34
McMillan P (1984) Structural studies of silicate glasses and melts — applications and limitations of Raman spectroscopy. Am Mineral 69:622–644
Mysen BO, Virgo D, Seifert FA (1985) Relationships between properties and structure of aluminosilicate melts. Am Mineral 70:88–105
Navrotsky A, Hon R, Weill DF, Henry DJ (1980) Thermochemistry of glasses and liquids in the system CaMgSi2O6 -CaAl2Si2O8-NaAlSi3O8, SiO2-CaAl2Si2O8-NaAlSi3O8 and SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na2O. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:1409–1423
Oestrike R, Kirkpatrick RJ (1988) 27Al and 29Si MASS NMR spectroscopy of glasses in the system anorthite-diopside-forsterite. Am Mineral (in press)
Richet P, Bottinga Y (1984) Anorthite, andesine, wollastonite, diopside, cordierite and pyrope: glass transition, thermodynamics of melting, and properties of the amorphous phase. Earth Planet. Sci Lett 67:415–432
Richet P, Bottinga Y (1986) Thermochemical properties of silicate glasses and liquids: a review. Rev Geophys 24:1–25
Robie RA, Hemingway BS, Fisher JR (1978) Thermodynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar (105 pascals) pressure and at higher temperatures. US Geol Survey Bull 1352:456
Stebbins JF, Weill DF, Carmichael ISE, Moret LS (1982) High temperature heat contents and heat capacities of liquids and glasses in the system NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8. Contrib Mineral Petrol 80:226–244
Stebbins JF, Carmichael ISE, Weill DF (1983d) The high temperature liquid and glass heat contents and the heats of fusion of diopside, albite, sanidine, and nepheline. Am Mineral 68:717–730
Stebbins JF, Carmichael ISE, Moret LS (1984) Heat capacities and entropies of silicate liquids and glasses. Contrib Mineral Petrol 86:131–148
Stout ND, Piwinskii AJ (1982) Enthalpy of silicate melts from 1520 to 2600 K under ambient pressure. High Temp Sci 15:275–292
Walker D, DeLong SE (1982) Soret separation of midocean ridge basalt magma, Contrib Mineral Petrol 79:231–240
Weill DF, Hon R, Navrotsky A (1980) The igneous system CaMgSi2O6-CaAl2Si2O8-NaAlSi3O8: variations on a classic theme by Bowen. In: Hargraves RB (Ed) Physics of magmatic processes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, pp. 49–92
Ziegler D, Navrotsky A (1986) Direct Measurement of the enthalpy of fusion of diopside. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:2461–2466
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Navrotsky, A., Ziegler, D., Oestrike, R. et al. Calorimetry of silicate melts at 1773 K: measurement of enthalpies of fusion and of mixing in the systems diopside-anorthite-albite and anorthite-forsterite. Contr. Mineral. and Petrol. 101, 122–130 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00387206
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00387206