Summary
Samples of cambial sap from each of the three coniferous species Pinus sylvestris L., Picea Abies Karst. and Abies alba Mill. were taken at the time the trees were coming into bud and analysed for low molecular weight carbohydrates, cyclitols and organic acids. They all contained the same free sugars and cyclitols, but in markedly different proportions. Quantitative analyses were carried out for glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose, myo-inositol, D-inositol, pinitol, sequoyitol and coniferin.
The three main components of the organic acid fractions-quinic acid, shikimic acid and malic acid—were determined quantitatively. The amount of quinic acid greatly exceeded the amount of all the other acids in all three species.
14C-labelled quinic acid applied to the cut ends of Pinus sylvestris needles was transported to the twig. There was no conversion of quinic acid to shikimic acid over short periods of time.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Bourne, E. G., Lees, E. M., Weigel, H.: Paper chromatography of carbohydrates and related compounds in the presence of benzeneboronic acid. J. Chromatogr. 11, 253–257 (1963).
Cartwright, R. A., Roberts, E. A. H.: Theogallin as a galloyl ester of quinic acid. Chem. and Ind. (Lond.) 1955, 230–231.
Cifonelli, J. A., Smith, F.: Detection of glycosides and other carbohydrate compounds on paper chromatograms. Analyt. Chem. 26, 1132–1134 (1954).
Dittrich, P.: Untersuchungen über den Umsatz sekundärer Pflanzenstoffe in den Nadeln von Picea Abies L. Diss. München 1970.
Dittrich, P., Gietl, M., Kandler, O.: D-1-O-Methyl-mucoinositol in higher plants. Phytochemistry 11, 245–250 (1971).
Dittrich, P., Kandler, O.: Biosynthesis of D-1-O-Methyl-mucoinositol in gymnosperms. Phytochemistry 11, 1729–1732 (1972).
Dittrich, P., Kandler, O.: Einfluß der Jahreszeit auf Bildung und Umsatz von Phenolkörpern in der Fichte (Picea Abies [L.] Karst.). Ber. dtsch. bot. Ges. 84, 465–472 (1971).
Feigl, F.: Spot tests in organic analysis. Amsterdam-London-New York-Princeton: Elsevier 1960.
Franz, M., Meier, H.: Die niedermolekularen Kohlenhydrate im Cambialsaft von Larix decidua Mill. Planta (Berl.) 73, 155–160 (1967).
Franz, M., Meier, H.: Die organischen Säuren im Cambialsaft von Larix decidua Mill. Planta (Berl.) 85, 202–208 (1969).
Freudenberg, K., Niedercorn, F.: Umwandlung des Phenylalanins in Coniferin und Fichtenlignin. Chem. Ber. 91, 591–597 (1958).
Goldschmid, O., Hergert, H. L.: Examination of western hemlock for lignin precursors. Tappi 44, 858–870 (1961).
Goldschmid, O., Quimby, G. R.: Lignin precursors: The role of quinic acid. Tappi 47, 528–533 (1964).
Gordon, H. T., Werum, L. N., Thornburg, W. W.: Use of 2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-benzoxazole in detection of phosphate esters and other ferric-complexing compounds on paper chromatograms. J. Chromatogr. 13, 272–273 (1964).
Gordon, J. C., Larson, P. R.: Seasonal course of photosynthesis, respiration and distribution of 14C in young Pinus resinosa trees as related to wood formation. Plant Physiol. 43, 1617–1624 (1968).
Hough, L., Jones, J. K. N., Wadman, W. H.: Improved methods for the separation and detection of the sugars and their methylated derivates on the paper chromatogram. J. chem. Soc. 1950, 1702–1706.
Kindl, H., Hoffmann-Ostenhof, O.: Cyclite: Biosynthese, Stoffwechsel und Vorkommen. Fortschr. Chem. org. Naturst. 24, 149–205 (1966).
Loewus, F. A., Kelly, S.: Inositol metabolism and cell wall formation in plants. Fed. Proc. 24, 855–862 (1965).
Minamikawa, T., Yoshida, S., Hasegawa, M.: Alicyclic acid metabolism in plants: 3. Fate of 14C-shikimate and 14C-quinate in mung bean plants. Plant Cell Physiol. 10, 283–289 (1969).
Nierhaus, D., Kinzel, H.: Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die organischen Säuren in Blättern höherer Pflanzen. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 64, 107–123 (1971).
Oechssler, G.: Jahreszeitliche Schwankungen des Gehaltes an organischen Säuren in den Nadeln von Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Picea Abies (L.) H. Karsten und Larix decidua Mill. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 59, 213–225 (1968).
Oesch, F.: Die niedermolekularen Kohlenhydrate und Polyole im Cambialsaft der Buche (Fagus silvatica L.) und einiger anderer Laubbäume. Planta (Berl.) 86, 360–380 (1969).
Rohringer, R., Fuchs, A., Lunderstädt, J., Samborski, D. J.: Metabolism of aromatic compounds in healthy and rust-infected primary leaves of wheat: I. Studies with 14CO2, quinate-U-14C, and shikimate-U-14C as precursors. Canad. J. Bot. 45, 863–889 (1967).
Roseman, S., Abeles, R. H., Dorfman, A.: Behavior of carbohydrates toward strongly basic ion-exchange resins. Arch. Biochem. 36, 232–233 (1952).
Samuelson, O., Strömberg, H.: Partition chromatography of mono-, di- and trisaccharides on ion exchange resins. Z. Anal. Chem. 237, 506–513 (1968).
Weinstein, L. H., Porter, C. A., Laurencot, H. J., Jr.: Evidence for the conversion of quinic acid to shikimic acid in roses. Nature (Lond.) 183, 326 (1959).
Weinstein, L. H., Porter, C. A., Laurencot, H. J., Jr.: Role of the shikimic acid pathway in the formation of tryptophan in higher plants: Evidence for an alternative pathway in the bean. Nature (Lond.) 194, 205–206 (1962).
Yoshida, S.: Biosynthesis and conversion of aromatic amino acids in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 20, 41–62 (1969).
Ziegler, H., Mittler, T. E.: Über den Zuckergehalt der Siebröhren- bzw. Siebzellensäfte von Heracleum Mantegazzianum und Picea Abies (L.) Karst. Z. Naturforsch. 14b, 278–281 (1959).
Zimmermann, M. H.: Absorption and translocation: Transport in the phloem. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 11, 167–190 (1960).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kretz, A. Zucker, Cyclite und organische Säuren des Cambialsaftes von Pinus silvestris L., Picea Abies Karst. und Abies alba Mill. Planta 110, 1–14 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386918
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386918