Abstract
Mustard seedlings were irradiated with continuous far-red light either with or without far-red preirradiation for between 6 and 44 h. The preirradiation increases the rate of light-mediated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5) accumulation in the cotyledons up to 5-fold but does not eliminate the apparent lag-phase of induction which lasts between 30 and 60 min, both with and without a preirradiation. No differential effect of inhibitors presumed to be acting close to gene transcription was observed for plants, whether given a preirradiation or not. These results do not support the notion that two different induction mechanisms are involved in the action of phytochrome on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase synthesis during primary and secondary irradiation. There was however a strong promotive effect of preirradiation on P fr-mediated enzyme accumulation which can be explained by an elevated level of the rate of enzyme synthesis left over from the previous light treatment and a transient increase in the capacity of the system to increase the rate of enzyme synthesis in response to active phytochrome.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- D:
-
darkness
- FR:
-
far-red light
- PAL:
-
L-Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5)
- P fr :
-
active form of the phytochrome system
References
Acton, G.J., Schopfer, P. (1975) Control over activation or synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase by phytochrome in mustard (Sinapis alba L.)? A contribution to eliminate some misconceptions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 404, 231–242
Betz, B., Schäfer, E., Hahlbrock, K. (1978) Light-induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in cell suspension cultures of Petroselinum hortense. Quantitative comparison of rates of synthesis and degradation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 190, 126–135
Engelsma, G. (1968) The influence of light of different spectral regions on the synthesis of phenolic compounds in gherkin seedlings, in relation to photomorphogenesis. IV. Mechanisms of far-red action. Acta Bot. Neerl. 17, 85–89
Engelsma, G. (1969) The influence of light of different spectral regions on the synthesis of phenolic compounds in gherkin seedlings, in relation to photomorphogenesis. VI. Phenol synthesis and photoperiodism. Acta Bot. Neerl. 18, 347–352
Engelsma, G. (1970) A comparative investigation of the control of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in gherkin and red cabbage hypocotyls. Acta Bot. Neerl. 19, 403–414
Hahlbrock, K. (1976) Regulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in cell-suspension cultures of Petroselinum hortense. Apparent rates of enzyme synthesis and degradation. Eur. J. Biochem. 63, 137–145
Hahlbrock, K., Ragg, H. (1975) Light-induced changes of enzyme activities in parsley cell suspension cultures. Effects of inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 166, 41–46
Mohr, H. (1972) Lectures on Photomorphogenesis, pp. 63–64, 81–82, 112. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Mohr, H., Drumm, H., Schmidt, R., Steinitz, B. (1979) The effect of light pretreatments on phytochrome-mediated induction of anthocyanin and of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Planta 146, 369–376
Mohr, H., Huault, C., Lange, H., Lohmann, L., Rissland, I., Weidner, M. (1968) Lag-phases in phytochrome-mediated enzyme synthesis (PAL). Planta 83, 267–275
Rissland, I., Mohr, H. (1967) Phytochrom-induzierte Enzymbildung (Phenylalanindesaminase), ein schnell ablaufender Prozeß. Planta 77, 239–249
Paskin, N., Mayer, R.J. (1977) The role of enzyme degradation in enzyme turnover during tissue differentiation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 474, 1–10
Schäfer, E., Marchal, B., Marmé, D. (1972) In vivo measurements of the phytochrome photostationary state in far-red light. Photochem. Photobiol. 15, 457–464
Schäfer, E., Lassig, T.-U., Schopfer, P. (1975) Photocontrol of phytochrome destruction in grass seedlings. The influence of wavelength and irradiance. Photochem. Photobiol. 22, 193–202
Schimke, R.T. (1974) Protein synthesis and degradation in animal tissue. MTP Internat. Rev. Sci., vol. 9, pp. 183–221, Paul, J., ed. Butterworths, London
Schopfer, P., Mohr, H. (1972) Phytochrome-mediated induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in mustard seedlings. A contribution to eliminate some misconceptions. Plant Physiol. 49, 8–10
Schröder, J. (1977) Light-induced increase of messenger RNA for phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase in cell suspension cultures of Petroselinum hortense. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 182, 488–496
Tong, W.-F. (1975) Untersuchungen zum Mechanismus der phytochrom-induzierten Akkumulation von Phenylalaninammoniumlyase in den Kotyledonen des Senfkeimlings (Sinapis alba L.), pp. 106–111. PhD Thesis, University of Freiburg
Tong, W.-F., Schopfer, P. (1976) Phytochrome-mediated de novo synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase: An approach using pre-induced mustard seedlings. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 4017–4021
Wellmann, E. (1975) UV dose-dependent induction of enzymes related to flavonoid biosynthesis in cell suspension cultures of parsley. FEBS Lett. 51, 105–107
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Acton, G.J., Fischer, W. & Schopfer, P. Lag-phase and rate of synthesis in phytochrome-mediated induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cotyledons. Planta 150, 53–57 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00385615
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00385615