Skip to main content
Log in

On the formation of glycolate in photosynthesizing Chlorella using a new gas-liquid chromatography method

  • Published:
Planta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Suspensions of Chlorella vulgaris were allowed to photosynthesise with two concentrations of 14CO2 (101 and 543 ppm) in 80% oxygen, and the incorporation of 14C into glycolate and 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) was followed. The relative specific activity (RSA) of the glycolate formed at both CO2 concentrations decreased initially and then increased slowly. The RSA of glycolate was much lower when the suspension photosynthesised in 101 ppm 14CO2 compared to 543 ppm. The RSA of 3-PGA was nearly always lower than that of glycolate and the results suggest that refixed dark respiratory CO2 or respiratory 3-PGA, or both, substantially contribute to the total 3-PGA in the algae. It is concluded that glycolate is formed from recent photosynthate as well as from storage material, but the relative contribution of these substrates depends on the conditions under which the algae are grown, as well as those obtaining at the time of glycolate excretion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Atkins, C. A., Canvin, D. T.: Photosynthesis and CO2 evolution by leaf discs; gas exchange, extraction and ion exchange fractionation of 14C-labelled photosynthetic products. Canad. J. Bot. 49, 1225–1234 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassham, J. A., Jensen, R. G.: Photosynthesis of carbon compounds. In: Harvesting the sun, p. 79–110, A. San Pietro, F. A. Greer, Th. J. Army, eds. New York-London: Acad. Press 1967

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassham, J. A., Kirk, M.: Sequence of formation of phosphoglycolate and glycolate in photosynthesizing Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Plant Physiol. 52, 407–411 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, A. A., Calvin, M.: The path of carbon in photosynthesis. J. exp. Bot. 1, 63–68 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry, J. A., Bowes, G.: Oxygen uptake in vitro by RuDP carboxylase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Carnegie Instn. YrBk 1972, p. 405–407 (1973)

  • Black, C.C.: Photosynthetic carbon fixation in relation to net CO2 uptake. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24, 253–286 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowes, G., Ogren, W. L., Hageman, R. H.: Phosphoglycolate production catalyzed by ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 45, 716–722 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowes, G., Berry, J.S.: The effect of oxygen on photosynthesis and glycolate excretion in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Carnegie Instn. YrBk 1971, p. 148–158 (1972)

  • Coombs, J., Wittingham, C. P.: The mechanism of inhibition of photosynthesis by high partial pressure of oxygen in Chlorella. Proc. roy. Soc. B 164, 511–520 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Egle, K., Döhler, G.: Über die Induktionserscheinungen der Photosynthese und der Dunkelatmung bei einzelligen Grünalgen. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 39, 295–322 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fock, H., Mahon, J. D., Canvin, D. T., Grant, B. R.: Estimation of carbon fluxes through photosynthetic and photorespiratory pathways. In: Mechanisms of Regulation of Plant Growth, Proc. Intern. Plant Physiol. Symp., Palmerston North, N.Z., August 1973 (in press)

  • Hellebust, J. A.: Excretion of some organic compounds by marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 10, 192–206 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hess, J. L., Tolbert, N. E.: Glycolate pathway in algae. Plant. Physiol. 42, 371–379 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hess, J. L., Tolbert, N. E., Pike, L. M.: Glycolate biosynthesis by Scenedesmus and Chlorella in the presence and absence of NaHCO3. Planta (Berl.) 74, 278–285 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, W. A., Volk, R. J.: Photorespiration. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 21, 385–426 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahon, J. D., Fock, H.: A radio-gas-chromatographic method for determining the specific activity of glycolic acid from 14C-labelled leaf tissue. Canad. J. Biochem., in press (1974)

  • Mahon, J. D., Fock, H., Höhler, T., Canvin, D. T.: Changes in specific radioactivities of corn leaf metabolites during photosynthesis in 14CO2 and 12CO2 at normal and low oxygen. Planta 120, 113–123 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Merrett, M. J., Lord, J. M.: Glycolate formation and metabolism by algae. New Phytol. 72, 751–767 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, E. B., Tolbert, N. E.: The regulation of glycolate metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 184, 263–270 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogren, W. L., Bowes, G.: Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase regulation of soybean respiration. Nature (Lond.) New Biol. 230, 159–160 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Orth, G. M., Tolbert, N. E., Jimenez, E.: Rate of glycolate formation during photosynthesis at high pH. Plant Physiol. 41, 143–147 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Plaut, Z., Gibbs, M.: Glycolate formation in intact spinach chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 45, 470–474 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shain, Y., Gibbs, M.: Formation of glycolate by a reconstituted spinach chloroplast preparation. Plant Physiol. 48, 325–330 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolbert, N. E.: Glycolate pathway. In: Photosynthetic mechanisms in green plants, Publn. No. 1145, p. 648–662. Washington, D.C.: Nat. Acad. Sci. 1963

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolbert, N. E.: Microbodies, peroxysomes and glyoxysomes. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 22, 45–74 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolbert, N. E., Nelson, E. B., Bruin, W. J.: Glycolate pathway in algae. In: Photosynthesis and photorespiration, p. 506–513, M. D. Hatch, C. B. Osmond, R. O. Slatyer, eds. New York etc.: Wiley-Interscience (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Warburg, O., Krippahl, G.: Glykolsäurebildung in Chlorella. Z. Naturforsch. 15b, 197–199 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, A. T., Calvin, M.: The photosynthetic cycle. CO2-dependent transients. J. Amer. chem. Soc. 77, 5948–5957 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zelitch, I.: The role of glycolic acid oxidase in the respiration of leaves. J. biol. Chem. 233, 1299–1303 (1958)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fock, H., Bate, G.C. & Egle, K. On the formation of glycolate in photosynthesizing Chlorella using a new gas-liquid chromatography method. Planta 121, 9–16 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384001

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384001

Keywords

Navigation