Summary
The urinary hydroxyproline excretion was investigated in a population of 6- to 9-year-old schoolchildren living in the Netherlands. Early morning samples of urine were collected at the end of a week in which personal and home monitoring for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was carried out, and in which detailed information on gas appliances and on parental smoking habits was gathered. In addition, the pulmonary function of the children was measured, and their respiratory symptoms were collected using a standardized questionnaire which was completed by the parents. The hydroxyproline concentrations were standardized for urinary creatinine content. The hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (HOP/C ratio) was found to be unrelated to NO2 exposure. The presence of major NO2-sources in the kitchen, vented and unvented gas-fired waterheaters, was significantly associated with elevated HOP/C ratios, due to a negative relationship with the creatinine concentration. There was a tendency for HOP/C to increase with the amount of tobacco smoked in the presence of a child. Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function were unrelated to HOP/C. In this population, the urinary HOP/C ratio was not found to be a close correlate of exposure to NO2 or tobacco smoke, and of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adlkofer F, Scherer G, Heller WD (1984) Hydroxyproline in urine of smokers and passive smokers. Prev Med 11:670–679
Allison DJ, Walker A, Smith QT (1966) Urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio of normal humans various of age. Clin Chim Acta 14:729–734
Berkey CS, Ware JH, Speizer FE, Ferris BG (1984) Passive smoking and height growth of preadolescent children. Int J Epidemiol 13:454–458
Boleij JSM, Lebret E, Hoek F, Noy D, Brunekreef B (1986) The use of Palmes diffusion tubes for measuring NO2 in homes. Atm Environ 20:597–600
Bosnes RW, Tausskey HH (1945) On the colorimetric determination of creatinine by the Jaffe reaction. J Biol Chem 158:581–591
Drozdz M, Kucharz E (1977) Effect of chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide on collagen content in lung and skin of guinea pigs. Environ Res 13:369–377
Fischer P, Brunekreef B, Boleij JSM (1986) Indoor NO2 pollution and personal exposure to NO2 in two areas with different outdoor NO2 pollution. Environ Monitoring Assessm 6:221–229
Florey C du V (1970) The use and interpretation of ponderal index and other weight/height ratios in epidemiological studies. J Chron Diseas 23:93–103
Florey D du V, Leeder SR (1982) Methods for cohort studies of chronic airflow limitation. WHO Regional Publications, Eur Ser no. 12, Copenhagen
Goverde BC, Veenkamp FJN (1972) Routine assay of total urinary hydroxyproline based on resin-catalysed hydrolysis. Clin Chim Acta 41:29–40
Halse J, Gordeladze JO (1979) Urinary excretion of calcium, hydroxyproline and 3′, 5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in primary hyperparathyroidism. Acta Endocrinol 92:138–147
Hull CH, Nie NH (1981) SPSS update 7-9. McGraw-Hill, New York
Kleinerman J (1979) Effects of nitrogen dioxide on elastin and collagen contents of lung. Arch Environ Health 34:228–232
Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL (1978) Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Wadsworth Publ Co, Belmont Ca
Kulkarni M, Kilgore L (1973) Diurnal variations of hydroxyproline and creatinine excretion in children. Am J Clin Nutr 26:1069–1072
Lebret E (1985) Air pollution in Dutch homes; an exploratory study in environmental epidemiology. Dissertation, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Matsuki H, Kasuga H, Osaka F, Yanagisawa Y, Nishumura H (1984) Personal exposure to NO2 and its health effect with urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio as a biochemical indicator. Proc 3rd Int Conf Indoor Air Quality and Climate, August 20–24 Stockholm, vol 2:243–248
Meredith HV (1975) Relation between tobacco smoking of pregnant women and body size of their progency: a compilation and synthesis of published studies. Hum Biol 47:451–472
Mundy AR (1979) Urinary hydroxyproline excretion in carcinoma of the prostate, a comparison of 4 different modes of assessment and its role as marker. Br J Urol 51:570–574
Nie NH, Hull CH, Jenkins JG, Steinbrenner K, Bent DH (1975) Statistical package for the social sciences. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York
Nobbs BT, Walker AW, Davies TJ (1975) A simplified method for the estimation of urinary total hydroxyproline. Clin Chim Acta 64:219–221
Palmes ED, Gunnison AF, Dimattio J, Tomczyk C (1976) Personal sampler for nitrogen dioxide. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 37: 570–577
Prockop DJ, Kivirikko KI (1967) Relationship of hydroxyproline excretion in urine to collagen metabolism. Ann Internal Med 66:1243–1266
Quanjer Ph H (Ed) (1983) Standardised lung function testing. Report working party standardisation of lung function tests, European Community for Coal and Steel, Luxembourg. Bull Eur Physiopathol Resp 12 [Suppl 5]
Yanagisawa Y, Nishimura H, Matsuki H, Osaka F, Sugita M, Kasuga H (1983 a) Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide and its effect on human health. Proc 6th World Congress on Air Quality 16–20 May, Paris Yanagisawa Y, Nishimura M, Matsuki H, Osaka F, Kasuga H (1983b) Exposure-effect relation for NO2 with personal exposure and urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio of schoolchildren as indicators. Paper presented at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association. Atlanta, Georgia, June 19–24, 1983
Yanagisawa Y, Nishimura H, Matsuki M, Osaka F, Kasuga H (1986) Personal exposure and health effect relationship for NO2 with urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio as indicator. Arch Environ Health 41:41–48
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Verplanke, A.J.W., Remijn, B., Hoek, F. et al. Hydroxyproline excretion in schoolchildren and its relationship to measures of indoor air pollution. Int. Arch Occup Environ Heath 59, 221–231 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00377734
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00377734