Abstract
The ratio of milk-clotting activity to proteolytic activity (MC/PA) was used as an index to determine the quality of milk-clotting enzyme. Solid-state fermentation on wheat bran for 5 days at room temperature gave optimal production for enzyme by Rhizomucor miehei and R. pusillus. A ratio of wheat bran to moisture of 1:0.6 (w/v) gave best results. Adding skim milk powder to the media of R. miehei did not improve the MC/PA ratio but 4% (w/w) of the powder did improve the ratio with R. pusillus. Co-cultivation of R. miehei with R. pusillus did not change the MC/PA ratio.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
ArimaK., YuJ. & IwasakiS. 1970 Milk-clotting enzyme from Mucor pusillus var. Lindt. Methods in Enzymology 19, 446–460.
BrownE.D., WynneM.G., ClarkeA.J. & YadaR.Y. 1990 Purification of two fungal aspartic proteinases using fast protein liquid chromatography. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54, 1563–1565.
Dunn-ColemanN.S., BloebaumP., BerkaR.M., BodieE., RobinsonN., ArmstrongG., WardM., PrzetakM., CarterG.L., LaCostR., WilsonL.J., KodamaK.H., BaliuE.F., BowerB., LamsaM. & HeinsohnH. 1991 Commercial levels of chymosin production by Aspergillus. Bio/Technology 9, 976–981.
PrinsJ. & NielsenT.K. 1970 Microbial rennet. Process Biochemistry 5, 34–35.
RamamurthyV. & KothariR.M. 1993 Comparison of fungal protease production by submerged and surface cultivation. Journal of Biotechnology 27, 349–354.
RickertW.S. 1972 Structural and functional determinants of Mucor miehei protease 1. Modification of the NH2 terminus and lysine residues by carbamylation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 271, 93–101.
SannabhadtiS.S. & SrinivasanR.A. 1977 Milk clotting enzymes from Absidia ramosa. Part I. Factors influencing production. Indian Joural of Dairy Science 30, 331–335.
SardinasJ.L. 1972 Microbial rennets. Advances in Applied Microbiology 15, 39–66.
SardinasJ.L. 1976 Calf rennet substitutes. Process Biochemistry 11, 10–17.
ShimazakiK. & ArimaS. 1973 Structure of bovine k-casein: spectrophotometric titration and molecular size changes in alkaline solution. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 37, 1229–1235.
SmithJ.L. & YadaR.Y. 1991 Lipophilization of Mucor miehei aspartyl proteinase: effect on structure-function and stability. Journal of Food Biochemistry 15, 331–346.
SternbergM. 1976 Microbial rennets. Advances in Applied Microbiology 20, 135–153.
SuzukiJ., HamuA., NishiyamaM., HorinouchiS. & BeppuT. 1990 Site-directed mutagenesis reveals functional contribution of Thr 218, Lys 220 and Asp 304 in chymosin. Protein Engineering 4, 69–71.
VanHooydonkA.C.M. & WalstraP. 1987 Interpretation of the kinetics of the renneting reaction in milk. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 14, 19–47.
WardM., WilsonL.J., KodamaK.H., ReyM.W. & BerkaR.M. 1990 Improved production of chymosin in Aspergillus by expression as a glucoamylase-chymosin fusion. Bio/Technology 8, 435–440.
YadaR.Y. & NakaiS. 1986 Use of principal component analysis to study the relationship between physical/chemical properties and the milk-clotting to proteolytic activity ratio of some aspartyl proteinases. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 34, 675–679.
Additional information
The authors are with the Department of Biotechnogy, Bharathiar University. Coimbatore-641 046 India
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Preetha, S., Boopathy, R. Influence of culture conditions on the production of milk-clotting enzyme from Rhizomucor . World J Microbiol Biotechnol 10, 527–530 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00367659
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00367659