Summary
An empirical model for predicting net photosynthesis (P N ) and dark respiration (R D ) in the field was developed and tested for Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag., the dominant C4 grass of the North American shortgrass prairie. P N is predicted as a function of soil water potential, canopy air temperature, irradiance, and plant age, while R D is expressed as a function of soil water potential and temperature. The model accounted for 85% of the variability in the data base used to estimate parameter values. Results of a validation test showed good agreement between observed and predicted P N rates, suggesting this approach would be useful as a submodel of a grassland ecosystem model.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen, L.H., Jr., Stewart, D.W., Lemon, E.R.: Photosynthesis in plant canopies: Effect of light response curves and radiation source geometry. Photosynthetica 8, 184–207 (1974)
Bazzaz, F.A.: Photosynthesis of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. plants grown in greenhouse and in the field. Am. Midl. Naturalist 90, 186–190 (1973)
Billings, W.D.: The environmental complex in relation to plant growth and distribution. Quart. Rev. Biol. 27, 251–265 (1952)
Black, C.C.: Photosynthetic carbon fixation in relation to net CO2 uptake. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24, 253–286 (1973)
Brown L.F., Trlica, M.J.: Photosynthesis of two important grasses of the shortgrass prairie as affected by several ecological variables. US/IBP Grassland Biome Tech. Rep. No. 244, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, 190 pp. (1974)
Brown, L.F., Trlica, M.J.: Interacting effects of soil water, temperature and irradiance on CO2 exchange rates of two dominant grasses of the shortgrass prairie. J. Appl. Ecol. 14, 197–204 (1977a)
Brown, L.F., Trlica, M.J.: Carbon dioxide exchange of blue grama swards as influenced by several ecological variables in the field. J. Appl Ecol. 14, 205–213 (1977b)
Brown, L.F., Trlica, M.J.: Simulated dynamics of blue grama production. J. Appl. Ecol. 14, 215–224 (1977c)
Catský, J., Tichá, I., Sólarová, J.: Ontogenetic changes in the internal limitations to bean leaf photosynthesis. I. Carbon dioxide exchange and conductance for carbon dioxide transfer. Photosynthetica 10, 394–402 (1976)
Chartier, P.H.: A model of CO2 assimilation in the leaf, pp 307–315. In: Prediction and measurement of photosynthetic productivity: Proc. IBP/PP Tech. Meeting, Trebon, 1969 (I. Setlik, ed.). Wageningen, The Netherlands: Pudoc 1970
Cole, G.W., ed.: ELM: Version 2.0. Range Sci. Dep. Sci. Ser. No. 20, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, 663 pp. (1976)
Conner, D.J., Brown, L.F., Trlica, M.J.: Plant cover, light interception, and photosynthesis of shortgrass prairie. A functional model. Photosynthetica 8, 18–27 (1974)
Cunningham, G.L., Balding, F.R., Syvertsen, J.P.: A net CO2 exchange model for C4-grasses. Photosynthetica 8, 28–33 (1974)
Detling, J.K., Klikoff, L.G.: Physiological response to moisture stress as a factor in halophyte distribution. Am. Midl. Naturalist 90, 307–318 (1973)
Dickman, D.I.: Photosynthesis and respiration by developing leaves of cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.). Bot. Gaz. 132 253–259 (1971)
Doley, D., Yates, D.J.: Gas exchange of Mitchell grass [Astrebla lappacea (Lindl.) Domin.] in relation to irradiance, carbon dioxide supply, leaf temperature and temperature history. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 3, 471–487 (1976)
Duncan, W.G., Loomis, R.S., Williams, W.A, Hanau, R.: A model for simulating photosynthesis in plant communities. Hilgardia 38, 181–205 (1967)
Gilmanov, T.G.: Plant submodel in the holistic model of a grassland ecosystem (with special attention to the belowground part). Ecol. Model. 3, 149–163 (1977)
Hall, A.E., Björkman, O.: A model of leaf photosynthesis and respiration, pp 55–72 In: Ecological studies, Vol. 12: Perspectives in biophysical ecology D.M. Gates, R.B. Schmerl, (eds.). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1975
Hsiao, T.C.: Plant responses to water stress. Annu. Rev.Plant Physiol. 24, 519–570 (1973)
Innis, G.S. (ed.): Grassland simulation model-US/IBP Grassland Biome Study: Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1977 (in press)
Jewiss, O.R., Woledge, J.: The effect of age on the rate of apparent photosynthesis in leaves of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Ann. Bot. 31, 661–671 (1967)
Kaul, R.: Effect of water stress on respiration of wheat. Canad. J. Bot. 44, 623–632 (1966)
Knight, D.H.: Leaf area dynamics of a shortgrass prairie in Colorado. Ecology 54, 891–896 (1973)
Küchler, A.W.: Potential natural vegetation of the conterminous United States. Am. Geogr. Soc. Spec. Pub. 36 (1964)
Lemon, E., Stewart, D.W., Shawcroft, R.W.: The sun's work in a cornfield. Science 174, 371–378 (1971)
Lommen, P., Schwintzer, C., Yocum, C., Gates, D.: A model describing photosynthesis in terms of gas diffusion and enzyme kinetics. Planta (Berl.) 98, 195–220 (1971)
McCree, K.J.: Equations for the rate of dark respiration of white clover and grain sorghum, as functions of dry weight, photosynthetic rate, and temperature. Crop Sci. 14, 509–514 (1974)
Parton, W.J., Innis, G.S.: Some graphs and their functional forms. US/IBP Grassland Biome Tech. Rep. No. 153, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, 41 pp. (1972)
Patterson, D.T., Bunce, J.A., Alberte, R.S., Van Volkenburgh E.: Photosynthesis in relation to leaf characteristics of cotton from controlled and field environments. Plant Physiol. 59, 384–387 (1977)
Penning de Vries, F.W.T.: Substrate utilization and respiration in relation to growth and maintenance in higher plants. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 22, 40–44 (1974)
Powell, M.J.D.: A method for minimizing a sum of squares of nonlinear functions without calculating derivatives. Computer J. 7, 303–307 (1965)
Redmann, R.E.: Carbon dioxide exchange by native Great Plains grasses. Canad. J. Bot. 49, 1341–1345 (1971)
Reed, K.L., Hammerly, E.R., Dinger, B.E., Jarvis, P.G.: An analytical model for field measurement of photosynthesis. J. Appl. Ecol. 13, 925–942 (1976)
Risser, P.G., Johnson, F.L.: Carbon dioxide exchange characteristics of some prairie grass seedlings. Southwest. Naturalist 18, 85–91 (1973)
Schulze, E.-D., Lange, O.L., Evenari, M., Kappen, L., Buschbom, V.: An empirical model of net photosynthesis for the desert plant Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin. I. Description and test of the model. Oecologia (Berl.) 22, 355–372 (1976)
Seligman, N.G., Van Keulen, H., Goudriann, J.: An elementary model of nitrogen uptake and redistribution by annual plant species. Oecologia (Berl.) 21, 243–261 (1975)
Setlik, I. ed.: Prediction and measurement of photosynthetic productivity. Proc. IBP/PP Tech. Meeting, Trebon, 1969, 632 pp. Wageningen The Netherlands: Pudoc 1970
Shawcroft, R.W., Lemon, E.R., Allen, Jr., L.H., Stewart, D.W., Jensen, S.E.: The soil-plant-atmosphere model and some of its predictions. Agric. Meteorol. 14, 287–307 (1974)
Sinclair, T.R., Murphy, Jr, C.E., Knoerr, K.R.: Development and evaluation of simplified models for simulating canopy photosynthesis and transpiration. J. Appl. Ecol. 13, 813–829 (1976)
Singh, J.S., Coleman, D.C.: Distribution of photoassimilated 14carbon in the root system of a shortgrass prairie. J. Ecol. 62, 359–365 (1974)
Tenhunen, J.D., Yocum, C.S., Gates, D.M.: Development of a photosynthesis model with an emphasis on ecological applications I. Theory. Oecologia (Berl.). 26, 89–100 (1976a)
Tenhunen, J.D., Weber, J.A., Yocum, C.S., Gates, D.M.: Development of a photosynthesis model with an emphasis on ecological applications. II. Analysis of a data set describing the P M surface. Oecologia (Berl.) 26, 101–119 (1976b)
Treharne, K.J., Cooper, J.P., Taylor, T.H.: Growth response of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) to different light and temperature environments. II. Leaf age and photosynthetic activity. Crop Sci. 8, 441–445 (1968)
Trlica, M.J., Dye, A.J., Moir, W.H., Brown, L.F., Jameson, D.A., Rice, W.A.: A field laboratory for gas exchange measurements of grassland sward. Photosynthetica 7, 257–261 (1973)
van Bavel, C.H.M. De Michele, D.W., Ahmed, J: A model of gas and energy exchange regulation by stomatal action in plant leaves. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn MP-1078, 26 pp. (1973)
Webb, W.L., Newton, M., Starr, D.: Carbon dioxide exchange of Alnus rubra. A mathematical model. Oecologia (Berl.) 17, 281–291 (1974)
Williams, G.J., III: Photosynthetic adaptation to temperature in C3 and C4 grasses. A possible ecological role in the shortgrass prairie. Plant Physiol. 54, 709–711 (1974)
Williams, G.J., III, Markley, J.L.: The photosynthetic pathway type of North American shortgrass prairie species and some ecological implications. Photosynthetica 7, 262–270 (1973)
Wilson, J.R.: Comparative response to nitrogen deficiency of a tropical and temperate grass in the interrelation between photosynthesis, growth, and the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 23, 104–112 (1975)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Detling, J.K., Parton, W.J. & Hunt, H.W. An empirical model for estimating CO2 exchange of Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. in the shortgrass prairie. Oecologia 33, 137–147 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344844
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344844