Abstract
Spermatogenesis involving an additional chromosome reduplication during zygotene in sporadic males and intersexes of the thelytokous phasmid Carausius morosus Br. has been examined using differential staining of chromatids after 5-bromodeoxycytidine incorporation. After reduplication autobivalents are formed by synapsis between identical sister chromosomes. Chiasmata are only formed after reduplication; they do not occur in constitutive heterochromatin, but can be formed in facultative heterochromatin, dependent on heteropycnosis and sex. Quadrivalents and U-type exchanges occur. In spermatogonia and spermatocytes the number of differentially stained chromosomes varies considerably; sister chromatid exchanges hardly appear. Sex bivalents with differentially stained chromosomes have a lower chiasma frequency than normally stained sex bivalents. Bivalents show reduced staining of all four, two outer, or one inner chromatid. Autobivalents arise in the same way as diplochromosomes; chromatids with the oldest DNA sub-units remain together during reduplication and are thus involved in sister chromosome pairing. The additional reduplication begins 7 days after the premeiotic S-phase, first metaphase after 19 days. Spermatogenesis is abnormal from first anaphase onwards.
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Pijnacker, L.P., Ferwerda, M.A. Normal and BrdC-substituted chromosomes during spermatogenesis with an endomeiotic chromosome reduplication in Carausius morosus Br.. Chromosoma 85, 67–82 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344594
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344594