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20 Jahre Hydrocephalusbehandlung

Eine Rückschau mit Katamnesen

20 Years of treatment of hydrocephalus

A catamnestic appreciation

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Summary

Between 1961 and 1966 hydrocephalus operations were performed on 237 children; 66 had a myelocele, 105 a hydrocephalus communicans and 66 a hydrocephalus occlusus. Of these 237 cases 78 (33%) died. Of the surviving 159 follow-up data are available on 140 (88%). Since 1969 nearly all have been psychologically examined at regular 2-year intervals.

The mean IQ were: Myeloceles: 94±20.42; hydrocephalus communicans: 87±26.01; hydrocephalus occlusus: 79±28.07; total group: 88±24.10. The results of the long-term study showed a stable development in 61%, an improvement in 29% and a deterioration in 10% of the cases. The development of mental ability is described in relation to neurological deficits and cerebral seizures. The number of shunt-revision operations had no influence. In addition to the familial background, the school career and kind of final schoolexamination is stated. Of the school leavers (44%), 52% took a final school examination (44% primary school examination, 6% secondary school lower certificate and 2% school-leaving examination).

Finally, the data for their choice of profession is given. Considering the course of their development to date, it may be anticipated, that approximately 60% of those 140 young people will be able to practise a normal professional life.

Zusammenfassung

Von 1961–1966 wurden 237 Kinder wegen Hydrocephalus operiert (105 Hydrocephalus communicans, 66 Hydrocephalus occlusus und 66 Myelocelen). 78 (33%) starben. Von den verbleibenden 159 Jugendlichen stehen 140 (88%) unter Kontrolle. Die durchschnittlichen Intelligenzquotienten waren für Kinder mit Myelocelen 94±20, Hydrocephalus communicans 87±26 und für Hydrocephalus occlusus 79±28. Längsschnittuntersuchungen zeigten eine stabile Entwicklung in 61% der Fälle, eine Verbesserung der geistigen Leistungen in 29% und eine Verschlechterung in 10%. Die Entwicklung der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit zeigt gewisse Relationen zu vorhandenen neurologischen Ausfällen und cerebralen Krampfanfällen. Die Anzahl der Revisionen läßt keine gesicherte Beeinflussung der geistigen Entwicklung erkennen. Von den Schulentlassenen (44%) machten 52% eine Abschlußprüfung (44% Hauptschule, 6% Mittlere Reife, 2% Abitur). Es wird aufgrund der bisherigen Entwicklungstests geschätzt, daß ungefähr 60% der 140 Jugendlichen imstande sein werden, ein normales Berufsleben zu führen.

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Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c.T. Riechert zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet

Diese Untersuchungen wurden mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft vorgenommen

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Hemmer, R., Weißenfels, E. 20 Jahre Hydrocephalusbehandlung. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 230, 257–264 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00344450

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