Summary
By means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the proton spin-lattice relaxation times (T1 values) of the skeletal muscles were measured in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carriers and normal controls. The bound water fraction (BWF) was calculated form the T1 values obtained, according to the fast proton diffusion model. In the DMD carriers, T1 values of the gluteus maximus and quadriceps femoris muscles were significantly higher, and BWFs of these muscles were significantly lower, than in normal control. Degenerative muscular changes accompanied by interstitial edema were presumed responsible for this abnormality. No correlation was observed between the muscle T1 and serum creatine kinase values. The present study showed that MRI could be a useful method for studying the dynamic state of water in both normal and pathological skeletal muscles. Its possible utility for DMD carrier detection was discussed briefly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hoffman EP, Brown Jr RH, Kunkel LM (1987) Dystrophin: the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus. Cell 51: 919–928
Koenig M, Monaco AP, Kunkel LM (1988) The complete sequence of dystrophin predicts a rod-shaped cytoskeletal protein. Cell 53: 219–228
Sugita H, Arahata K, Ishiguro T, Suhara Y, Tsukahara T, Ishiura S, Eguchi C, Nonaka I, Ozawa E (1988) Negative immunostaining of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and mdx muscle surface membrane with antibody against synthetic peptide fragment predicted from DMD cDNA. Proc Japan Acad 64B: 37–39
Zubrzycka-Gaarn EE, Bulman DE, Karpati G, Burghes AHM, Belfall B, Klamut HJ, Talbot J, Hodges RS, Ray PN, Worton RG (1988) The Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene product is localized in sarcolemma of human skeletal muscle. Nature 333: 466–469
Shimizu T, Matsumura K, Hashimoto K, Mannen T, Ishiguro T, Eguchi C, Nonaka I, Yoshida M, Ozawa E (1988) A monoclonal antibody against a synthetic polypeptide fragment of dystrophin (amino acid sequence from position 215 to 264). Proc Japan Acad 64B: 205–208
Bonilla E, Samitt CE, Miranda AF, Hays AP, Salviati G, DiMauro S, Kunkel LM, Hoffman EP, Rowland LP (1988) Duchenne muscular dystrophy: deficiency of dystrophin at the muscle cell surface. Cell 54: 447–452
Matsumura K, Nakano I, Fukuda N, Ikehira H, Tateno Y, Aoki Y (1988) Proton spin-lattice relaxation time of Duchenne dystrophy skeletal muscle by magnetic resonance imaging. Muscle Nerve 11: 97–102
Thompson MW, Murphy EG, McAlpine PJ (1967) An assessment of the creatine kinase test in the detection of carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Pediatr 71:82–93
Fullerton GD, Cameron IL, Ord VA (1984) Frequency dependence of magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation of protons in biological materials Radiology 151: 135–138
Chang DC, Misra LK, Beall PT, Fanguy RC, Hazlewood CF (1981) Nuclear magnetic resonance study of muscle water protons in muscular dystrophy of chickens. J Cell Physiol 107: 139–145
Pearce GW, Pearce JMS, Walton JM (1966) The Duchenne type muscular dystrophy: histopathological studies of the carrier state. Brain 89: 109–120
Roy S, Dubowitz V (1970) Carrier detection in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a comparative study of electron microscopy, light microscopy and serum enzymes. J Neurol Sci 11: 65–79
Fisher ER Wissinger HA, Gerneth JA, Danowski TS (1972) Ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle of muscular dystrophy carriers. Arch Pathol 94: 456–460
Ionescu V, Radu H, Nicolescu P (1975) Identification of Duchenne muscular dystrophy carriers: electron microscopical investigation of skeletal muscle. Arch Pathol 99: 436–441
Moser H, Emery AEH (1974) The manifesting carrier in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clin Genet 5: 217–284
Arahata K, Ishiura T, Kamakura K, Tsukahara T, Ishiura S, Baba C, Matsumoto T, Nonaka I, Sugita H (1989) Mosaic expression of dystrophin in symptomatic carriers of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. N Engl J Med 320: 138–142
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Matsumura, K., Nakano, I., Fukuda, N. et al. Duchenne muscular dystrophy carriers. Neuroradiology 31, 373–376 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00343858
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00343858