Summary
The blink reflex was investigated in two patients after a facial-hypoglossal anastomosis had been performed. In each case the first component of the blink reflex could be demonstrated with normal latency on the operated side after ipsilateral supraorbital stimulation. These findings give further evidence that the first component of the blink reflex is not monosynaptic in nature. The second component of the blink reflex was distinctly retarded in the first case and was not seen at all in the second case. The second component of the blink reflex is influenced strongly by alteration of the intrabulbar and efferent part of the reflex circuits; it shows some correlation with voluntary motor activity.
Zusammenfassung
Der Orbicularis-oculi-Reflex (Blinzelreflex oder Glabella-Reflex) wurde bei 2 Patienten mit Facialis-Hypoglossus-Anastomose untersucht. Beide Fälle hatten die erste Komponente des Blinzelreflexes mit normaler Latenz auf der operierten Seite nach ipsilateralem supraorbitalem Reiz. Diese Befunde zeigen, daß die erste Komponente des Blinzelreflexes nicht monosynaptisch sein kann. Die zweite Komponente des Blinzelreflexes war im Fall 1 wesentlich verzögert und fehlte in Fall 2. Die zweite Komponente wird erheblich beeinflußt durch Veränderung im intrabulbären und efferenten Teil des Reflexbogens und entspricht etwa der Willküraktivität.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bender, L. F., Maynard, F. M., Hastings, S. V.: The blink reflex as a diagnostic procedure. Archs. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 50, 27–31 (1969)
Bratzlavsky, M.: Blink reflex in man in response to stretching of extraocular muscles. Eur. Neurol. 7, 146–154 (1972a)
Bratzlavsky, M.: Electrophysiological study of direct and reflex responses evoked in facial muscles of normal and polyneuritic subjects. Z. Neurologie 201, 218–226 (1972b)
Eisen, A., Danon, J.: The orbicularis oculi reflex in acoustic neuromas: A clinical and electrodiagnostic evaluation. Neurology (Minneap.) 24, 306–311 (1974)
Gandiglio, G., Fra, L.: Further observation on facial reflexes. J. neurol. Sci. 5, 273–285 (1967)
Kimura, J.: Effect of hemispheral lesions on the contralateral blink reflex. A clinical study. Neurology (Minneap.) 24, 168–174 (1974)
Kimura, J., Lyon, L.: Orbicularis oculi reflex in the Wallenberg syndrome: alteration of the late reflex by lesions of the spinal tract and nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 35, 228–233 (1972)
Kimura, J., Lyon, L.: Alteration of orbicularis oculi reflex by posterior fossa tumors. J. Neurosurg. 38, 10–16 (1973)
Kugelberg, E.: Facial reflexes. Brain 75, 385–396 (1952)
Messina, C.: On the nature and meaning of the blink reflex early response. Electromyogr. clin. Neurophysiol. 15, 119–124 (1975)
Moldaver, J.: Some comments on blink reflexes. In: New Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, J. E. Desmedt, ed., pp. 658–659. Basel: Karger 1973
Oka, M., Tokunaga, A., Murao, T., Yokoi, H., Okumura, T., Hirata, T., Miyashita, Y., Yoshitatsu, S.: Trigemino-facial reflex, its evoked electromyographic study on several neurologic disorders. Med. J. Osaka Univ. 9, 389–396 (1958)
Ongerboer de Visser, B. W., Goor, C.: Electromyographic and reflex study in idiopathic and symptomatic trigeminal neuralgias: latency of the jaw and blink reflexes. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 37, 1225–1230 (1974)
Penders, C. A., Delwaide, P. J.: Le réflexe de clignement chez l'homme. Particularités électrophysiologiques de la réponse précoce. Arch. Intern. Physiol. Biochem. 77, 351–354 (1969)
Rushworth, G.: Observations on blink reflexes. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 25, 93–108 (1962)
Shahani, B.: Effects of sleep on human reflexes with a double component. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 31, 574–579 (1968)
Shahani, B.: The human blink reflex. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 33, 792–800 (1970)
Shahani, B., Young, R. R.: A note on blink reflexes. J. Physiol. 198, 103–104 (1968)
Shahani, B., Young, R. R.: Human orbicularis oculi reflexes. Neurology (Minneap.) 22, 149–154 (1972)
Struppler, A., Dobbelstein, H.: Elektromyographische Untersuchung des Glabellareflexes bei verschiedenen neurologischen Störungen. Der Nervenarzt 34, 347–352 (1963)
Trontelj, M., Trontelj, J.: First component of human blink reflex studied on single facial motoneurones. Brain Res. 53, 214–217 (1973)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Stipendiary of the Humboldt Foundation.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kilimov, N., Linke, D. Blink reflex in facial-hypoglossal anastomosis. Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr. 225, 307–313 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00343302
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00343302