Skip to main content
Log in

Subjective syndromes, physiological changes and after-effects of the acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-intoxication

Two double-blind studies in volunteers

  • Published:
Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Two different double-blind trials with Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol were performed on altogether 73 normal volunteers.

Factoranalyses yielded the following three dimensions of the Δ9-THC experience:

  1. a)

    “derealization of self and surroundings”,

  2. b)

    “anxious-depressive state” and

  3. c)

    “euphoric-stimulated state”.

An oral dosage of 23.5 mg Δ9-THC caused the following physiological changes:

  1. 1.

    The variance of changes from the predrug level of the diastolic blood-pressure was significantly increased by Δ9-THC.

  2. 2.

    The pulse-rate did not change significantly which was probably due to the very high predrug pulse-rate of the subjects.

  3. 3.

    The body temperature decreased under Δ9-THC.

  4. 4.

    The pH of saliva was significantly lowered by Δ9-THC.

Anxious-depressive states during the Δ9-THC intoxication were correlated with a relative increase in systolic blood-pressure.

25 subjects completed a semantic differential on their mood daily for 9 days after the experiment. Those subjects who had received Δ9-THC felt ill at ease and constrained on the day after the experiment. No such after-effects were found on the following days.

Zusammenfassung

An insgesamt 73 gesunden Versuchspersonen wurden 2 Doppelblindversuche mit delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol durchgeführt.

Die unter delta-9-THC aufgetretenen subjektiven Veränderungen ließen sich auf Grund faktorenanalytischer Berechnungen den folgenden 3 Syndromen zuordnen:

  1. a)

    „Derealisation von Ich und Umwelt“,

  2. b)

    „ängstlich-depressives Zustandsbild“ und

  3. c)

    „euphorisch-angeregtes Zustandsbild“.

23, 5 mg delta-9-THC per os bewirkte folgende physiologische Veränderungen:

  1. 1.

    Die Varianz der Veränderungen des diastolischen Blutdruckes im Vergleich zur Ausgangslage wurde signifikant vergrößert.

  2. 2.

    Die Pulsfrequenz stieg nicht signifikant an, was vermutlich auf den hohen Ausgangswert unserer Probanden zurückzuführen ist.

  3. 3.

    Die Körpertemperatur nahm ab.

  4. 4.

    Der pH-Wert des Speichels wurde signifikant erniedrigt.

Ängstlich-depressive Zustandsbilder während der delta-9-THC-Intoxikation gingen mit einem relativen Anstieg des systolischen Blutdruckes einher.

Die Stimmung von 25 Probanden an 9 dem Experiment folgenden Tagen wurde mit einem semantischen Differential erfaßt. Diejenigen Probanden, die delta-9-THC erhalten hatten, fühlten sich am Tage nach dem Experiment beengt. An den folgenden Tagen konnten keine Nachwirkungen beobachtet werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliography

  1. Baumann, U., Dittrich, A.: Überprüfung der deutschen Version eines Polaritätenprofils zur Erfassung der Befindlichkeit. Klin. Psychol. 4/1, 335–350 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cattell, R. B.: The scree-test for the number of factors. Multivar. behav. Res. 1, 245–276 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cattell, R. B., Cattell, A. K., Rhymer, R. M.: P-technique demonstrated in determining psycho-physiological source traits in a normal individual. Psychometrika 12, 267–288 (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cattell, R. B., Luborsky, L. B.: P-technique demonstrated as a new clinical method for determining personality and symptom structure. J. gen. Psychol. 42, 3–24 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Department of Health, Education and Welfare: Marihuana and Health. A Report to the Congress U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 1971 (1972).

  6. Ditman, K.: Psychotomimetic: Pharmacodynamic and psychotherapeutic properties. Proc. Western Pharmacol. Soc. 6, 13–17 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ditman, K., Hayman, M., Whittlesey, J.: Nature and frequency of claims following LSD. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 134, 346–352 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ditman, K., Tietz, W., Prince, B. S., Forgy, E., Moss, T.: Harmfull aspects of the LSD experience. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 145/6, 464–474 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dittrich, A., Bättig, K., Woggon, B., von Zeppelin, I.: Entwicklung einer Selbsteinschätzungsskala (DAE-Skala I) zur Erfassung von Cannabiseffekten. Pharmakopsychiat. (im Druck) (1972).

  10. Kaiser, H. F.: The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis. Psychometrika 23, 187–200 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Katz, M. M., Waskow, I. E., Olsson, J.: Characterizing the psychological state produced by LSD. In: H. Brill et al. (Ed.): Neuro-Psycho-Pharmacology, p. 398. International Congress Series No. 129, Amsterdam 1967.

  12. Lienert, G. A.: Testaufbau und Testanalyse, 2. Aufl. Weinheim: Beltz 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Novick, M. R.: Coefficient alpha and the reliability of composite measurements. Psychometrika 32, 1–13 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Siegel, S.: Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Van Egeren, L. F.: Experimental determination by P-technique of functional unities of depression an other psychological states. Unpublished master's thesis. Univer. of Illinois (1963).

  16. William, H. V. M.: A determination of psychosomatic functional unities in personality by means of P-technique. J. soc. Psychol. 39, 25–45 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dittrich, A., Woggon, B. Subjective syndromes, physiological changes and after-effects of the acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-intoxication. Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr. 216, 301–309 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342650

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342650

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation