Summary
Observations of organ cultures of human foetal lung show that the morphogenesis of the bronchial tree is brought about by mitosis, cell death and cell migration. The same phenomena can be seen in vivo when the rate of morphogenesis is rapid. The lungs expand by the bifurcation of terminal pneumonomeres and by lateral budding proximal to the terminal tips. The interaction of epithelial and mesenchymal elements is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alescio, T., and A. Cassini: Induction in vitro of tracheal buds by pulmonary mesenchyme grafted on tracheal epithelium. J. exp. Zool. 150, 83–94 (1962a).
—, and A. Cassini: Osservazioni preliminari sulla riassociazione in vitro dell'epitelio e del mesenchima del polmone embrionale di topo. Atti Soc. ital. Anat. 21, Suppl. al vol. 70 del Monit. Zool. Ital., 97–103 (1962b).
—, and A. Cassini: L'Interazione epitelio-mesenchimale nell'organogenesi del polmone embrionale di topo coltivato in vitro. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 123, 369–396 (1962c).
Bender, K. W.: Über die Entwicklung der Lungen. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 75, 639–652 (1925).
Borghese, E.: The effect of ionizing radiations on mouse embryonic lungs developing in vitro. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 95, 866–872 (1961).
Dameron, F.: L'Influence de divers mésenchymes sur la différenciation de l'épithélium pulmonaire de l'embryon de poulet en culture in vitro. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 9, 628- 633 (1961).
Frank, G. M.: Über Gesetzmäßigkeiten in der Mitoseverteilung in den Gehirnblasen im Zusammenhang mit Formbildungsprozessen. Wilhelm Roux' Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 104, 262–272 (1925).
Glucksmann, A.: Über die Bedeutung von Zellvorgängen für die Formbildung epithelialer Organe. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 93, 35–92 (1930).
—: Development and differentiation of the tadpole eye. Brit. J. Ophthal. 24, 153–178 (1940).
—: Cell deaths in normal vertebrate ontogeny. Biol. Rev. 26, 59–86 (1951).
Grover, J. W.: The relation between the embryonic age of dissociated chick lung cells and their capacity for reaggregation and histogenesis in vitro. Exp. Cell Res. 24, 171–173 (1961).
—: The enzymatic dissociation and reproducible reaggregation in vitro of 11-day embryonic chick lung. Develop. Biol. 3, 555–568 (1961).
Gurwitsch, A.: Der Vererbungsmechanismus der Form. Wilhelm Roux' Arch. Entwickl.- Mech. Org. 39, 516–577 (1914).
—: Das Problem der Zellteilung physiologisch betrachtet. Berlin: Springer 1926.
Heidenhain, M.: Über die teilungsfähigen Drüseneinheiten oder Adenomeren sowie über die Grundbegriffe der morphologischen Systemlehre. Berlin 1921.
—: Formen und Kräfte in der lebendigen Natur. Vortr. Entw. Mech. Org. 32, 1 (1923).
Lasnitzki, I.: The effect of 3–4 benzpyrene on human foetal lung grown in vitro. Brit. J. Canc. 10, 510–516 (1956).
—: Observations on the effects of condensates from cigarette smoke on human foetal lung in vitro. Brit. J. Cancer 12, 547–552 (1958).
Loffredo Sampaolo, C., e G. Sampaolo: Indagini sperimentali sullo sviluppo del polmone embrionale (pollo e coniglio). Quad. Anat. prat. 17, 1–43 (1961).
Miale, I. L., and R. D. Sidman: An autoradiographic analysis of histogenesis in the mouse cerebellum. Exp. Neurol. 4, 277–296 (1961).
Sauer, M. E., and B. E. Walker: Radioautographic study of interkinetic nuclear migration in the neural tube. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 101, 557–560 (1959).
Sidman, R. L.: Histogenesis of mouse retina studied with thymidine-H3. In: Structure of the eye, G. Smelser Ed., p. 487–506. New York: Academic Press 1961.
Wassermann, F.: Wachstum und Vermehrung der lebendigen Masse. In: Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Mensehen, V. Möllendorff, ed., vol. 1, part 2. Berlin: Springer 1929.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Professor Friedrich Wassermann with admiration and affection on the occasion of his eightieth birthday.
Working with a grant from the British Empire Cancer Campaign for Research.
I wish to record my indebtedness to Professor Dame Honor Fell and to Dr. Ilse Lasnitzki for their constructive criticism of the manuscript and to Mr. G. C. Lenney for the illustrations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Glucksmann, A. Mitosis and degeneration in the morphogenesis of the human foetal lung in vitro . Z.Zellforsch 64, 101–110 (1964). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00339189
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00339189