Abstract
In the Panamanian iceryine coccid Icerya zeteki Cockerell (Family Margarodidae Morrison) all females become hermaphroditic early in the first instar; occasional males arise from unfertilized eggs, but self-fertilization is assured by the protandry of the hermaphrodite. In the development of the ovotestis, initiation of the male phase is brought about by haploidization of those germ cells destined for spermatogenesis. In both Icerya zeteki and Icerya purchasi this gonial reduction results from the degeneration and elimination of one genome during prophase. Except for minor variations in the coiling cycle of spermatocytes, the chromosomes (n=2) of I. zeteki correspond closely to those of all other haplo-diploid iceryines known. The present status of the species Icerya zeteki Cockerell is reviewed, and on both taxonomicand cytological grounds is judged to be uncertain.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bayreuther, K.: Holokinetische Chromosomen bei Haematopinus suis (Anoplura, Haematopinidae). Chromosoma (Berl.) 7, 260–270 (1955).
Benazzi, M.: Cariologia di Dugesia lugubris (O. Schmidt) (Tricladida paludicola). Caryologia (Pirenze) 10, 276–303 (1957).
Brown, S. W., and F. D. Bennett: On sex determination in the diaspine scale Pseudaulacaspis Fentagona (Targ.) (Coccoidea). Genetics 42, 510–523 (1957).
—, and W. A. Nelson-Rees: Radiation analysis of a lecanoid genetic system. Genetics 46, 938–1007 (1961).
De Lotto, G.: Two new Margarodidae (Homopt.: Coccoidea) from Kenya. J. Entomol. Soc. S. Africa 22, 385–389 (1959).
Franks, D. J.: Data contributory to analysis of mitotic mechanisms in Steatococcus tuberculatus Morrison (Coccoidea-Homoptera). M. A. thesis, Duke University 1965.
Hughes-Schrader, S.: Cytology of hermaphroditism in Icerya purchasi (Coccidae). Z. Zellforsch. 2, 264–292 (1925); - Origin and differentiation of male and female germ cells in the hermaphrodite of Icerya purchasi (Coccidae). Z. Zellforsch. 6, 509–540 (1927); A new type of spermiogenesis in iceryine coccids, with linear alignment of chromosomes in the sperm. J. Morph. 78, 43–84 (1946); - Cytology of coccids. Advanc. Genet. 2, 127–203 (1948); - Hermaphroditism in an African coccid, with notes on other margarodids (Coccoidea-Homoptera). J. Morph. 113, 173–184 (1963).
—, and H. Ris: The diffuse spindle attachment of coccids, verified by the mitotic behavior of induced chromosome fragments. J. exp. Zool. 87, 429–456 (1941).
—, and E. Tremblay: Gueriniella and the cytotaxonomy of iceryine coccids (Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Chromosoma (Berl.) 19, 1–13 (1966).
Jakubski, A. W.: A critical revision of the families Margarodidae and Termitococcidae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea). Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London 1965.
Morrison, H.: A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. Tech. Bull. 52, U.S.D.A. (1928).
Nur, U.: Meiotic parthenogenesis and heterochromatization in a soft scale, Pulvinaria hydrangeae (Coccoidea: Homoptera). Chromosoma (Berl.) 14, 123–129 (1963).
Perrot, J. L.: La spermatogénèse et l'ovogénèse du mallophage Goniodes stylifer. Quart. J. micr. Sci. 76, 353–377 (1934).
Pieragnoli, U.: Il ciclo cromosomico in un biotipo poliploide di Dugesia lugubris (O. Schmidt) (Triclade paludicolo). Atti Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat., Ser. B 61, 3–19 (1954).
Pierantoni, U.: Studio sullo sviluppo d'Icerya purchasi Mask. Parte IL Arch. Zool. ital. 7, 27–49 (1914).
Schrader, F., and S. Hughes-Schrader: Haploidy in Icerya purchasi. Z. Zool. 128, 182–200 (1926).
Snow, R.: Alcoholic hydrochloric acid-carmine as a stain for chromosomes in squash preparations. Stain Technol. 38, 9–13 (1963).
White, M. J. D.: Animal cytology and evolution, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1954.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant GB — 1922.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hughes-Schrader, S., Monahan, D.F. Hermaphroditism in icerya zeteki cockerell, and the mechanism of gonial reduction in iceryine coccids (coccoidea: Margarodidae morrison). Chromosoma 20, 15–31 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331895
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331895