Abstract
In the Collembolan Neanura monticola (2 n ♀ = + XX, 2 n ♂ = 12 + XO) only the autosomes have classical polytene structure in salivary glands. — In a valley of the Pyrenees-mountains, the X-chromosome shows an intense polymorphism with 13 different types of pattern. These differences are revealed in the pairing in bundles of elementary fibres, in the apparition of transversal bands, in a progressive overcharge of α-heterochromatin in certain points, briing a radiant structure of chromosome (25 differents types of heterogametic females have been observed). — In the damp forests at lesser altitude, the X-chromosome remains flaky, as in polyploid nuclei of other tissues. The structure with parallel bundles appears in cold forests between 1 600 and 1 800 m of altitude. In subalpine biotopes the astral-ray type becomes preponderant and from 2 200 m the exclusive form with hypertrophy of α-heterochromatic block.
Various hypothesis are discussed that explain the selective advantage an α-heterochromatic overcharge might give to the subalpine populations.
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Cassagnau, P. Les chromosomes polytènes de Neanura monticola Cassagnau (Collemboles). Chromosoma 46, 343–363 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331626
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331626