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On the contractile mechanism of insect fibrillar flight muscle IV. A quantitative chemo-mechanical model

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Zusammenfassung

Ausgehend von detaillierten Vorstellungen zur Kinetik der myofibrillären ATPase und der Ankopplung der Enzymwirkung an die Mechanik der Myosinbrückenzyklen wird ein quantitatives chemo-mechanisches Modell für den fibrillären Insektenflugmuskel vorgeschlagen. Mit der Wahl eines einheitlichen Parametersatzes gelingt es praktisch alle bisher in der Literatur beschriebenen Resultate zu simulieren. Dazu gehören der verzögerte Spannungsaufbau bei rechteckförmigen und sinusoidalen Längenänderungen, charakteristische Nichtlinearitäten in den oszillatorischen Längen-Spannungsschleifen, die Aktivierung der ATPase Aktivität durch statische und dynamische Dehnung, der proportionale Anstieg des Wirkungsgrades der chemo-mechanischen Kopplung mit der Effektivgeschwindigkeit bei der Oszillation, sowie die Existenz von Autooszillationen. In Übereinstimmung mit strukturellen und biochemischen Befunden erlaubt das Modell eine molekulare Interpretation des Aktivierungsmechanismus über ein Zusammenwirken von Ca2+-Konzentration und Rückkopplung der Muskelkraft sowohl bei der Aktivierung des Aktinfilaments (über Verschiebungen in den Tropomyosinmolekülen) wie auch am Ca2+-abhängigen Regulationssystem des Myosins im fibrillären Flugmuskel. Damit gelingt es die Ca2+-Abhängigkeiten der ATPase Aktivität, der Frequenzverscheibung auf der mechanischen Ortskurve, sowie der Zeitkonstanten bei sprungförmigen Längen-und Spannungsänderungen vorauszusagen. Die in Röntgenanalysen gefundene Abnahme der Zahl der am Aktinfilament angepackten Myosinbrücken nach höheren Oszillationsgeschwindigkeiten hin wird durch die Annahme einer geschwindigkeitsabhängigen Ratenkonstante für das Loslassen der Myosinbrücken im Modell realisiert. Zusätzlich wird es möglich, für die bisherige Modellbidung am Wirbeltiermuskel wichtige Experimente, wie das Verhalten des Systems bei kleinen, sehr schnellen Wegänderungen (Huxley und Simmons, 1971) oder bei sprungförmiger Entlastung des Muskels (Civan und Podolsky, 1966) modellmäßig nachzuempfinden. Die Modellsimulationen deuten auf eine Gleichartigkeit des Kontraktionsmechanismus im Skelettmuskel der Wirbeltiere und im Insektenflugmuskel.

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  1. Department of Physiology, University of Mainz, Mainz, FRG

    R. A. Chaplain

  2. Physiolog. Institut de Universit:↦ of Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-6500, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

    R. A. Chaplain

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Chaplain, R.A. On the contractile mechanism of insect fibrillar flight muscle IV. A quantitative chemo-mechanical model. Biol. Cybernetics 18, 137–153 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00326685

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